Units of measurement and conversion

Metric units of measurement are used throughout the Yearbook. The following tables provide the necessary factors for converting energy data from one measurement system (mass, volume or heat) to another. Unless otherwise stated in the Table Notes, in the case of solid fuels, liquid fuels and gases, the conversions are based on the net calorific value.

Sustainable Development Goals:

Affordable and Clean Energy

Responsible Consumption and Production

Climate Action