Progress on sustainable development objectives in the Mekong Delta, Viet Nam

This densely populated, fertile land is Viet Nam’s most productive region for agriculture and aquaculture. However, population growth and rapid socio-economic changes place increasing pressure on its natural resources, and have led to land degradation and water pollution. Natural protection against water related hazards has also decreased as a result of reduction in floodplains and destruction of mangrove forests. This situation is critical as the low-lying delta plain is confronted acutely with the consequences of climate change, leading to increased vulnerability and risk of poverty. National legislation and the aspirations of the Mekong River Commission target adaptation to climate change through integrated management of water and land. In the national context, integrated water resources management is yet to be put into practice. An agrobusiness industrialization scenario, where the delta develops into a regional hub for high-value agricultural products, best fits the characteristics and advantages of the delta, and enables economic expansion with care for the environment. Regardless of the scenario that eventuates, adaptation to climate change impacts and emphasis on sustainable land and water use practices seems to be the key for a better future for Viet Nam.

Sustainable Development Goals:

Clean Water and Sanitation