WMO Global Annual to Decadal Climate Update

The Global Annual to Decadal Climate Update is issued annually by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). It provides a synthesis of the global annual to decadal predictions produced by the WMO designated Global Producing Centres and other contributing centres. Last year, 2024, was the warmest year on record, with the globally averaged near-surface temperature estimated at 1.55°C ±0.13°C above the 1850–1900 baseline. Near-surface temperatures in 2024 were warmer than the long-term average almost everywhere over land with particularly large warm anomalies in the tropics, North America, North Africa, Europe and parts of Asia. Annually averaged global temperatures are likely to continue at or near record levels in the five-year period 2025-2029 and stay well above annual mean temperatures seen in the last 60 years. Annually averaged global mean near-surface temperature for each year in this five-year period is predicted to be between 1.2°C and 1.9°C (90% confidence interval) higher than the average for the period 1850-1900.