Chile
No. 49505. Argentina and Chile
TREATY BETWEEN THE ARGENTINE REPUBLIC AND THE REPUBLIC OF CHILE ON INTEGRATED BORDER CONTROLS. SANTIAGO 8 AUGUST 1997 [United Nations Treaty Series vol. 2827 I-49505.]
No. 44636. Argentina and Chile
AGREEMENT ON CULTURAL COOPERATION BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE ARGENTINE REPUBLIC AND THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF CHILE. SANTIAGO DE CHILE 10 APRIL 1975 [United Nations Treaty Series vol. 2487 I-44636.]
No. 51160. United States of America and Chile
Memorandum of Understanding between the U.S. Geological Survey -- Department of the Interior of the United States of America and the Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica of the Republic of Chile concerning scientific and technical co-operation in the earth sciences. Washington 16 January 2004 and 20 January 2004
The social and economic effects of introducing reverse mortgages in Chile
This study simulates the social and economic effects of introducing reverse mortgages in Chile. It uses the 2009 Social Protection Survey and recent simulation methodologies to analyse the monetary gain associated with taking out such a loan which is paid in periodic instalments over the homeowners lifetime. Eligible individuals are retired homeowners who account for 70% of the older population. Monies received increase exponentially depending on the age at which the reverse mortgage is taken out. Lastly the increase in liquidity has significant social potential as it could reduce the poverty rate in the target group by 15%.
A typology of precarious employment for Chile: Precariousnessas a cross-class phenomenon
This article presents a proposal for defining and measuring precarious employment. We begin by relating this phenomenon to the changing faces of work and social class. We then expound a methodology that combines the techniques of correspondence analysis and k-means clustering to produce a typology of nine groups of precarious employment. This reveals such employment to be a multidimensional phenomenon combining aspects of stability insecurity income working conditions and working hours. The results point to a phenomenon that is not tied to any one class or position in the labour market or to any one dimension or indicator but is rather a multidimensional process that cuts across class divides and pervades different positions and situations throughout the Chilean employment structure.
Una tipología de precariedad laboral para Chile: la precariedad como fenómeno transclasista
Este artículo presenta una propuesta de definición y medición de la precariedad laboral. Comenzamos relacionando el fenómeno de la precariedad con las transformaciones de las fisonomías del trabajo y de las clases sociales. Luego se expone una metodología que combina las técnicas del análisis de correspondencias y el clúster de k-medias para elaborar una tipología de nueve grupos de precariedad. Esto permite evidenciar la precariedad como un fenómeno multidimensional que articula aspectos ligados a la estabilidad inseguridad ingresos condiciones de trabajo y jornadas laborales. Los resultados muestran que estaríamos frente a un fenómeno que no está vinculado a una única clase o posición dentro del mercado laboral ni tampoco a una única dimensión o indicador sino más bien a un proceso multidimensional y transclasista que atraviesa fluidamente diferentes posiciones y situaciones a lo largo de la estructura ocupacional chilena.
Alcances sociales y económicos de la implementación de la hipoteca inversa en Chile
Este estudio simula los alcances sociales y económicos de implementar la hipoteca inversa en Chile. Usando la Encuesta de Protección Social (EPS 2009) y metodologías de simulación recientes se analiza el aporte monetario que lleva aparejado la contratación de este instrumento que consiste en un sistema de pagos periódicos de manera vitalicia. Los individuos que podrían acceder a la hipoteca inversa serían aquellos pensionados y propietarios de su vivienda lo que supone el 70% de la población constituida por personas mayores. El aporte monetario es creciente a tasas que van en aumento en función de la edad en que se contrata la hipoteca inversa. Por último se señala que el aumento de liquidez tiene un amplio potencial social pudiendo disminuir un 15% el índice de pobreza en el grupo objetivo.
Inherited and social factors explaining early skills inequality: The case of chilean children
This article sets out to analyse differences in cognitive and non-cognitive skills between Chilean children. It first examines factors explaining the level of these skills and then goes on to distinguish between children from poor and non-poor households. The data are taken from the first Early Childhood Longitudinal Survey which was analysed using logistic binary regression. This study finds that variables associated with the mother's intelligence level and other socialization-related variables are statistically significant. However separate statistical analysis for poor and non-poor households yields different effects of socialization. The main conclusion is that the mother's skills are a relevant explanatory factor in both poor and non-poor children's households. Nonetheless unequal development of skills in early childhood is not due to inherited traits alone. Stimulation matters in poor households while the mother's education matters in non-poor households.
Short- and long-term ex post evaluation of community based environmental initiatives in Chile
This study contributes to the limited literature on environmental impact assessments by undertaking an ex post evaluation of a programme to improve the environment through various community-based initiatives that promote education and citizen participation in Chile. In line with the selection criteria for the projects and the nature of the data available the instrumental variables method is used to determine this programme's effect on perceived problems associated with multiple environmental issues. The results reveal that in the short term only the perception of odour pollution improves while in the long term the impact on that issue increases twofold and the perception of air pollution and pollution caused by stray dogs both improve by a similar magnitude.