Ukraine

The focus of the ECE review programme is to help countries in transition to improve their individual and collective performance in environmental management. The ultimate goal is the promotion of sustainable development and the convergence of environmental conditions and policies throughout Europe. This review present a detailed study of countries’ environmental position and examines: the framework for environmental policy and management; the management of pollution and natural resources; and the economic and sectoral integration featuring environmental concerns in agriculture and food processing, the transport of oil products and human health.

Preliminary objections

The Post Disaster Needs Assessment report of the Kakhovka Dam Disaster was jointly prepared by the Government of Ukraine and the United Nations. The destruction of the Kakhovka Dam on 6th June 2023 is another devastating consequence of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The breach led to extensive flooding, impacting 80 settlements across four oblasts: Kherson, Mykolaiv, Dnipropetrovsk, and Zaporizhzhia. Approximately 100,000 residents were directly affected by the resulting deluge. The destruction of the dam also disrupted critical aspects of life in southern Ukraine, including energy production, access to drinking water, irrigation, and river transport. It left a trail of damage in housing, infrastructure, the environment, and cultural heritage. Based on a “Build Back Better” approach, the PDNA estimates the total recovery and reconstruction needs to be approximately $5.04 billion, with $1.82 billion required in the immediate/short-term. The report puts forth suggestions for addressing the short-term needs in 2023-24, and for tailoring the response to meet recovery and reconstruction needs over the medium and long term, spanning the next ten years until 2033.

As a result of the war in Ukraine, UNESCO has mobilised to denounce violence against journalists, promote the importance and therefore the protection of cultural institutions, and work for the maintenance of education to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities in Ukraine. From 6 to 11 July 2022, a UNESCO mission went to Ukraine to consolidate an initial assessment of the impact of the war on Ukraine’s culture sector, coordinate the Organization’s support in this field with the government authorities and partners, and define priorities for recovery and reconstruction.

This assessment has been developed by the Centre for Economic Recovery (CER) and Advanter Group under the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) project “Support to Ukraine” in cooperation with Ministry of Economy of Ukraine. Micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) are the backbone of Ukraine’s economy, comprising 99.98% of all business entities, providing 74% of all jobs, and creating 64% of value added. This assessment provides a snapshot on the status of MSMEs as of the end of 2023 and includes a comprehensive analysis of the impact of war and challenges faced by MSMEs in Ukraine in the ensuing period and highlighting their resilience and adaptability in the face of adversity. The assessment identifies MSME needs and provides a set of recommendations to increase MSMEs resilience and underpin recovery and sustainable growth of Ukrainian economy. A gender lens has been applied throughout the assessment. This assessment is based on a wide range of primary and secondary data collected in multiple surveys undertaken in various time intervals from March 2022 to December 2023, and substantive desk research conducted in December 2023. The analysis enabled to identify the impact of key economical, political, and social trends and governmental actions on MSME’s operations.

This document is consolidated by OCHA on behalf of the Humanitarian Country Team and partners. It provides a shared understanding of the impact of the war on the people of Ukraine, including the most pressing humanitarian needs, the estimated number of people who need assistance. It also outlines the strategy to ensure adequate and timely life-saving and life-sustaining response, and the financial request to make humanitarian operations possible.

Authored by Brienna Perelli-Harris, Orsola Torrisi, Michael G Head and Ken Brackstone, this Migration Research Series paper highlights the household composition and characteristics of those displaced by the Russian Federation's invasion of Ukraine. The paper showcases the findings of a rapid online health needs survey disseminated via Facebook between April and July 2022. The survey discusses the findings from 10,180 respondents, making suggestions for policies that can mitigate some of the effects of the displacement crisis.

This study, prepared by UNECE experts, builds upon UNECE’s work on Building Resilient Energy Systems and utilizes the UNECE Carbon Neutrality Toolkit. The analysis presented here focuses on a carbon-neutral scenario for the post-war restoration of Ukraine's energy system. The findings aim to serve as a valuable source and tool for future horizon scanning efforts and broader foresight processes to support policymaking. The objective is to assist the Ukrainian government in exploring different pathways and rebuilding its energy system based on the concept of carbon neutrality. Ukraine continues to heavily rely on fossil fuels, accounting for 70% of its Total Primary Energy Supply (TPES) in 2020. The Russian invasion of Ukraine had a significant impact on the energy sector, resulting in a 43% drop in energy demand in 2022 compared to 2013.