COVID-19 en México: un perfil sociodemográfico
Para explicar la evolución de la pandemia de enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) en México deben tomarse en consideración entre otros aspectos como las condiciones de salud de la población previas a la pandemia caracterizadas por una alta prevalencia de enfermedades crónicas; la existencia de regiones y grupos sociales altamente vulnerables por su condición socioeconómica y la capacidad de respuesta institucional para el cuidado de la salud antes y durante la pandemia. El objetivo central de este trabajo es describir la distribución territorial de la pandemia y las características de la población que más ha padecido sus efectos en particular aquellos que han fallecido a causa de la enfermedad así como algunas de las características de las instituciones de salud en México.
Brasil: Efectos del COVID-19 y recuperación
En este artículo se examinan los efectos de la enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) en la población y la economía del Brasil su elevada mortalidad por cada 100.000 habitantes y su lenta estabilización. Se hace una breve comparación con lo que ocurre en un país similar de América Latina la Argentina donde los resultados en términos de mortalidad por cada 100.000 habitantes fueron mejores y en Francia donde la recuperación fue más marcada. También se evalúa la eficiencia en los gastos y se observa que la comparación tampoco es favorable para el Brasil. Por último se aborda el problema del financiamiento y se argumenta que solo la Argentina recurrió a la compra de bonos del tesoro por el banco central del país la política adoptada en la mayoría de los países ricos que tienen una moneda y un banco central propios (no es el caso de Francia).
COVID-19: Missing More Than a Classroom
The Monetary Policy Response to Covid-19
Focus: Biblos en tiempos del COVID-19
Biblos en el Líbano es una de las ciudades continuamente habitadas más antiguas del mundo fundada hace unos 8.900 años.
The Social Challenge in Times of COVID-19
This Special Report is the third in this series on the evolution and impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin America and the Caribbean. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has severe health effects and serious implications for economic growth and social development. It has arrived in Latin America and the Caribbean in a context of low growth —as analysed in the previous special reports on the subject— and above all of marked inequality and vulnerability with growing poverty and extreme poverty weakening of social cohesion and expressions of social discontent. Quarantines and physical distancing measures which are needed to stop the rapid spread of the coronavirus and save lives are leading to job losses (11.6 million more unemployed in 2020 compared to 2019) and reducing personal and household labour income. The loss of income is primarily affecting the broad strata of the population that are living in or vulnerable to poverty and people working in activities that are more exposed to layoffs and pay cuts and in general those in precarious employment. In view of the major persistent gaps that the pandemic has widened ECLAC reiterates that it is time to implement universal redistributive and solidarity-based policies with a rights-based approach to ensure that no one is left behind.
COVID-19 and Maritime Transport: Impact and Responses
The report describes and analyses the impact of COVID-19 (coronavirus) on the maritime supply chain. It also identifies response measures adopted and sets out a list of lessons learned and good practices in resilience building and disruption management.
El desafío social en tiempos del COVID-19
Este Informe Especial es el tercero de una serie que elaborará la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) sobre la evolución y los efectos de la pandemia del COVID-19 (coronavirus) en América Latina y el Caribe. En esta edición se actualizan las cifras macroeconómicas derivadas de la crisis sanitaria global y se miden sus diferentes impactos socioeconómicos que evidencian un aumento de la pobreza la pobreza extrema y reflejan la matriz de la desigualdad en la región. Ante las grandes brechas históricas que la pandemia ha agravado la CEPAL reitera que es el momento de implementar políticas universales redistributivas y solidarias con enfoque de derechos para no dejar a nadie atrás. Las respuestas en materia de protección social deben articular las medidas de corto plazo necesarias para atender las manifestaciones más agudas de la emergencia (garantía universal de ingresos acceso universal a las pruebas y a la atención médica a los servicios básicos y a la vivienda a la alimentación adecuada y a la educación) con otras de mediano y largo plazo (salud universal estrategias de inclusión laboral en el período de la recuperación) orientadas a garantizar el ejercicio de los derechos de las personas mediante el fortalecimiento del Estado de bienestar y la provisión universal de protección social.
PREVENTION: Violence against Women and Girls & COVID-19
This brief provides background information on the root causes and risk factors that explain why violence against women occurs in the first place. It highlights how the context of COVID-19 (coronavirus) is exacerbating those factors and the impact it is having on rates of violence against women and the ability to undertake evidence-based prevention work in the current context. It outlines the guiding principles for prevention activities and provides indicative interventions that can be undertaken during social distancing. The brief draws from the prevention field and evidence-based frameworks. It is a living document that will benefit from the vast and evolving knowledge of a wide range of experts who are supporting solutions to end violence against women and girls across countries and contexts.
Achieving SDGs in the Wake of COVID-19
The COVID-19 (coronavirus) crisis has revealed some fundamental development challenges that countries face and could be converted into an opportunity for recovering better if much of the resources aimed at recovery are directed toward promoting the SDGs. Establishment of robust universal healthcare and social protection systems should be taken as immediate goals and efforts should be made to build upon the emergency measures taken during the COVID-19 crisis so as to reach these goals.
COVID-19 Подготовка и реагирование в пенитенциарных учреждениях
The information in this package is intended to support prison administrators and staff. It has been developed to ensure the safety and security of staff prisoners and the public in the efforts to prevent COVID-19 (coronavirus) from entering the prison and mitigate the impact in case of an outbreak. Addressing COVID-19 requires critical preparedness and a prepared response particularly within places of detention (prisons). Prison staff play a crucial role in contributing to the effort of preventing the spread of the disease promoting safer prison environments and responding to outbreaks in a timely and effective manner. All efforts must be taken to keep COVID-19 out of the prisons. Preventative measures will most likely result in significant disruptions to ordinary prison routines and require the administration to make difficult decisions that may restrict or limit prison operations and activities. Responding to a COVID-19 outbreak once the virus has spread in the prison is a significant challenge – particularly in overcrowded conditions. The package provides communication tools with clear and concise information and visuals.
COVID-19 and Violence Against Women and Girls
This brief presents emerging evidence of the impact of the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic on violence against women and girls (VAWG). The brief advocates for measures that prevent and respond to VAWG in the current circumstances of lockdown as well as for investments that ensure the safety of women and girls in longer-term recovery plans. It makes recommendations to be considered by all sectors of society from governments and multilateral institutions to civil society organizations private companies and donors with examples of actions already taken. In addition to providing the latest research and data on VAWG in the context of the public health crisis the brief considers the social and economic implications of this “shadow pandemic” which at present are on track to endure long after the immediate health threat posed by COVID-19 has passed.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Indigenous Peoples
Indigenous peoples in many regions have a long history of devastation from epidemics brought by colonizers from the arrival of the first Europeans in the Americas who brought smallpox and influenza to a measles outbreak among the Yanonami of Brazil and Southern Venezuela in the 1950s/60s that nearly decimated the tribe (Pringle 2015). COVID-19 (coronavirus) presents a new threat to the health and survival of indigenous peoples. Indigenous peoples in nearly all countries fall into the most “vulnerable” health category. They have significantly higher rates of communicable and non-communicable diseases than their non-indigenous counterparts high mortality rates and lower life expectancies. Contributing factors that increase the potential for high mortality rates caused by COVID-19 in indigenous communities include mal – and under-nutrition poor access to sanitation lack of clean water and inadequate medical services. Additionally indigenous peoples often experience widespread stigma and discrimination in healthcare settings such as stereotyping and a lack of quality in the care provided thus compromising standards of care and discouraging them from accessing health care if and when available.
Le COVID-19 et l’économie du soin
Digital Contact Tracing and Surveillance during COVID-19
The response to COVID-19 (coronavirus) has seen an unprecedented rapid scaling up of technologies to support digital contact tracing and surveillance. The consequent collation and use of personally identifiable data may however pose significant risks to children’s rights. This is compounded by the greater number and more varied players making decisions about how data including children’s data are used and how related risks are assessed and handled. This means that we need to establish clear governance processes for these tools and the data collection process and engage with a broader set of government and industry partners to ensure that children’s rights are not overlooked.
Brazil: The effects of COVID-19 and recovery
This article analyses the effects of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on Brazil’s population and economy including its high mortality rate per 100000 inhabitants and its slow stabilization. A brief comparison is made with what is happening in a similar Latin American country Argentina where the results in terms of mortality per 100000 inhabitants have been better and in France where the recovery has been more robust. The article also assesses the efficiency of expenditures and notes that the comparison is also not favourable for Brazil. Lastly it addresses the problem of financing and argues that only Argentina resorted to treasury bond purchases by the central bank the policy adopted in most rich countries that have their own currency and central bank (which France does not have).
The Impact of COVID-19 on Older Persons
The COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic is causing untold fear and suffering for older people across the world. As of 26 April the virus itself has already taken the lives of some 193710 people and fatality rates for those over 80 years of age are five times the global average. As the virus spreads rapidly to developing countries likely overwhelming health and social protection systems the mortality rate for older persons could climb even higher. This policy brief elaborates on the impacts and identifies both immediate and longer-term policy and programmatic responses needed across key priorities for action. The e-book for this policy brief has been converted into an accessible format for the visually impaired and people with print reading disabilities. It is fully compatible with leading screen-reader technologies such as JAWS and NVDA.
Protecting and Mobilizing Youth in COVID-19 Responses
The COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic has resulted in severe economic and social impacts around the world. Young people are particularly vulnerable to the disruptions the pandemic has caused and many are now at risk of being left behind in education economic opportunities and health and well-being during a crucial stage of their life development. Young people are more likely to be unemployed or to be in precarious job contracts and working arrangements and thus lack adequate social protection. At the same time young people are responding to the crisis through public health promotion volunteering and innovation. Young people will form a key element in an inclusive recovery and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) during this Decade of Action. However the response and recovery must be done in a way that protects the human rights of all youth.
Digital Contact Tracing and Surveillance during COVID-19
Balancing the need to collect data to support good decision-making versus the need to protect children from harm created through the collection of the data has never been more challenging than in the context of the global COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic. The response to the pandemic has seen an unprecedented rapid scaling up of technologies to support digital contact tracing and surveillance. As the pandemic progresses we are also likely to see the emergence of more applications that link datasets as we seek to better understand the secondary impacts of the pandemic on children and their families. This working paper explores the implications for privacy as the linking of datasets increases the likelihood that children will be identifiable and consequently the opportunities for (sensitive) data profiling. It also frequently involves making data available to a broader set of users or data managers. While it is recognized that reuse of unidentifiable data could potentially serve future public health responses and research the nature of access to and use of the data now and in future necessitate accountability transparency and clear governance processes. It requires that these be in place from the outset. These are needed to ensure that data privacy is protected to the greatest degree possible and that the limitations to the use of these data are clearly articulated.