Democracy and Governance
UN75 - The Future We Want, the United Nations We Need
Nov 2020In January 2020 th e United Nations launched the global consultation to mark its 75th anniversary. Through surveys and dialogues it asked people about their hopes and fears for the future – representing the UN’s most ambitious effort to date to understand expectations of international cooperation and of the UN in particular. It is also the largest survey to date on priorities for recovering from the COVID-19 (coronavirus COVID) pandemic. By September 2020 over a million people from all countries and all walks of life had taken part. Their answers provide unique insights into what the public wants at this challenging time. The key findings are contained in this publication.
Права человека на воду и санитарию на практике
Nov 2020This publication capitalizes on the findings and lessons learned so far from the work on equitable access to water and sanitation under the UNECE / WHO Regional Office for Europe Protocol on Water and Health. It features the experiences of eleven countries from the pan-European region that have established baseline measures of their situation with regard to equitable access to water and sanitation. This was achieved through multi-stakeholders’ self-assessment processes by looking at geographical disparities specific barriers faced by vulnerable and marginalized groups affordability concerns as well as the governance framework.
Political Economy of a Green Economy: Transition in Africa
Nov 2020The United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) identified the green economy as one of several approaches to sustainable development. In their common position to Rio+20 African countries recognized that the transition to a green economy could offer new opportunities to advance the achievement of sustainable development and underlined the need for the green economy to be rooted in national priorities. Since the Rio+20 several African countries have adopted green-growth strategies and are pursuing green growth in selected sectors. As of June 2015 several countries had developed or were in the process of developing green economy strategies or action plans at the national level. These include Ethiopia Kenya Mozambique Rwanda Senegal South Africa and Tunisia. Several countries have also succeeded in making green economy an integral part of national development planning. In Kenya for example the Green Economy Strategy and Implementation Plan has now become part of the medium-term plan for 2013-2017. This is based on the understanding that for a successful green economy transition national development planning processes should be reframed in the context of green economy. The main priority for most countries is inclusive growth and making economic growth more responsive to poverty eradication. Others have called for social impacts and inclusiveness to go beyond creating green jobs in favour of wider social protection for those who will be negatively affected by the green economy.
Les droits de l’homme à l’eau potable et l’assainissement dans la pratique
Oct 2020La publication synthétise les conclusions et les enseignements tirés jusqu’à présent des travaux sur l’accès équitable à l’eau et à l’assainissement menés dans le cadre du Protocole sur l’eau et la santé dont le secrétariat est assuré par la CEE-ONU et le bureau régional de l’OMS pour l’Europe. Elle présente les expériences de onze pays de la région pan-européenne qui ont établi des mesures de référence de leur situation en matière d’accès équitable à l’eau et à l’assainissement. Ces expériences ont été possibles grâce à des processus d’auto-évaluation multipartites en examinant les disparités géographiques les obstacles spécifiques rencontrés par les groupes vulnérables et marginalisés les problèmes d’accessibilité financière ainsi que le cadre de gouvernance. La publication présente également les mesures techniques et politiques concrètes prises par ces pays pour assurer un accès équitable à l’eau et à l’assainissement. Il examine les expériences nationales en matière d’élaboration de plans d’action pour l’accès équitable et examine les mesures pratiques qui peuvent être prises pour améliorer la planification et le financement de plans d’action spécifiques. Les exemples et l’analyse des tendances communes et des considérations importantes présentés dans cette publication visent à inspirer de nouvelles actions pour parvenir à un accès équitable à l’eau et à l’assainissement dans la région paneuropéenne. Aux niveaux national et local il peut encourager et soutenir les décideurs et les responsables politiques ainsi que d’autres acteurs clés à s’engager dans des auto-évaluations qui sont essentielles pour identifier des actions spécifiques visant à combler les lacunes en matière d’accès équitable à élaborer des approches stratégiques pour financer un accès équitable et à mettre ensuite en œuvre des actions pour assurer un accès équitable à l’eau et à l’assainissement pour tous les membres de la population.
De la programmation à l’incidence
Oct 2020Le présent Manuel expose la méthodologie du HCDH ainsi que des conseils pratiques relatifs à toutes les phases du cycle de formation aux droits de l’homme: programmation conception organisation mise en oeuvre de la formation et conduite des activités de suivi. Il a essentiellement pour but de permettre la professionnalisation et de maximiser l’incidence des activités de formation réalisées par le HCDH; par ailleurs il peut s’avérer utile à d’autres acteurs travaillant dans ce domaine.
Facilitation du commerce numérique et durable
Oct 2020L’internationalisation des chaînes de production et d’approvisionnement offre aux pays en développement et aux pays en transition de nouvelles possibilités d’intégration dans l’économie mondiale en permettant aux entreprises de rejoindre les réseaux de production internationaux. Ainsi la nécessité de simplifier les procédures commerciales transfrontalières est de plus en plus grande pour ces pays. L’Accord sur la facilitation des échanges (AFE) l’un des principaux résultats de la neuvième conférence ministérielle de l’OMC à Bali en 2013 répond à ce besoin. Selon les estimations de l’OCDE une fois pleinement mis en œuvre l’AFE devrait permettre de réduire de plus de 14% le coût total du commerce des pays à faible revenu. L’expérience montre que les réformes en matière de facilitation du commerce améliorent la compétitivité commerciale d’un pays et accroissent la perception de ses recettes. Qui plus est ils peuvent contribuer à la réalisation d’objectifs de développement tels que le renforcement de la gouvernance et la formalisation du secteur informel. Compte tenu de l’entrée en vigueur de l’AFE en février 2017 les résultats de l’Enquête sur la facilitation des échanges et le commerce sans papier dans le monde sont opportuns. Ils permettent aux décideurs de rationaliser leurs priorités et d’apprendre de leurs expériences respectives.
Упрощение процедур торговли с использованием устойчивых и цифровых технологий в регионе ЕЭК ООН
Oct 2020The United Nations Regional Commissions in partnership with other key United Nations Organizations have committed to supporting member States in implementing the WTO TFA. This report is part of that commitment and the policy recommendations and technical standards developed by UNECE and UN/CEFACT are key implementation tools not only for the UNECE region but also for other regions across the world. Facilitating trade and reducing trade barriers is of central importance to the economies of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) as it enables them to better connect and gain from regional and global value chains and to fully harness the potential of trade as an engine for growth and sustainable development. Yet both in the UNECE region and globally trade barriers remain high. According to the latest data from the ESCAP-World Bank International Trade Cost Database the overall cost of trading goods among the three largest European Union (EU) economies remains at a 42% average tariff on the value of traded goods while it reaches a peak of 169% for trading with South-Eastern Europe. Similarly the cost of trading among Central Asian countries averages 75% while it reaches 153% with the three largest EU countries.
Руководство по представлению отчетности в рамках Конвенции по трансграничным водам и в качестве вклада в мониторинг целевого показателя 6.5.2 ЦУР
Oct 2020The guide to reporting supports countries in reporting on transboundary water cooperation for the reporting on SDG indicator 6.5.2 and under the Water Convention. The primary aim of the guide is to enhance the quality of national reports which will ultimately strengthen their usefulness in informing decision-making and policy-making processes related to transboundary water cooperation at the national basin or aquifer regional and global levels. More specifically the guide explains how the reporting template for reporting might be completed. It clarifies key terminology and provides practical examples of how certain questions might be answered. In addition the guide offers guidance on how to organize the reporting process and how to utilize reporting to maximize its impact. The guide is therefore designed as a practical document for government experts who have the responsibility for conducting the reporting process and completing the template. The guide to reporting was formally requested (decision VIII/3) by the Meeting of the Parties to the Water Convention at its eight session (Nur-Sultan 10-12 October 2018).
Guide to Reporting under the Water Convention and as a Contribution to SDG Indicator 6.5.2
Oct 2020The guide to reporting supports countries in reporting on transboundary water cooperation for the reporting on SDG indicator 6.5.2 and under the Water Convention. The primary aim of the guide is to enhance the quality of national reports which will ultimately strengthen their usefulness in informing decision-making and policy-making processes related to transboundary water cooperation at the national basin or aquifer regional and global levels. More specifically the guide explains how the reporting template for reporting might be completed. It clarifies key terminology and provides practical examples of how certain questions might be answered. In addition the guide offers guidance on how to organize the reporting process and how to utilize reporting to maximize its impact. The guide is therefore designed as a practical document for government experts who have the responsibility for conducting the reporting process and completing the template. The guide to reporting was formally requested (decision VIII/3) by the Meeting of the Parties to the Water Convention at its eight session (Nur-Sultan 10-12 October 2018).
Guide pour l’établissement de rapports au titre de la Convention sur l’eau et en contribution à l’indicateur 6.5.2 des ODD
Oct 2020L’introduction d’un mécanisme de suivi par le biais d’établissement de rapports au titre de la Convention sur l’eau et dans le cadre de l’adoption du cadre des ODD (indicateur 6.5.2 des ODD) marque une étape importante dans le soutien à la coopération transfrontière sur l’eau. Le présent Guide pour l’établissement de rapports au titre de la Convention sur l’eau et en contribution à l’indicateur 6.5.2 des ODD a été élaboré à la suite de la révision du premier exercice d’établissement de rapports au titre de l’indicateur 6.5.2 des ODD et au titre de la Convention sur l’eau qui s’est déroulé au cours des années 2017 et 2018. Cet exercice a mis en évidence la nécessité d’aider les États à compléter le modèle d’établissement de rapports. Ce Guide est conçu pour fournir des conseils sur le processus d’établissement de rapports nationaux aux experts qui sont responsables de sa réalisation en expliquant les différentes parties du modèle d’établissement de rapports en clarifiant la terminologie clé et en donnant des orientations spécifiques sur la manière dont il convient de répondre à certaines questions et compléter le modèle de rapport.
United Nations Human Rights Guidance on Less-Lethal Weapons in Law Enforcement
Sep 2020After setting forth general principles on use of force the guidance discusses international norms and standards on the use of less lethal weapons in a scenario-based weapon-specific manner with a particular focus on the policing of assemblies. If a user in the field is attempting to determine whether law enforcement has used a less-lethal weapon improperly while policing an assembly he or she can find a description of the weapon and refer to various scenarios for lawful use as well as scenarios of unlawful use. Crucially he or she can also find the specific threshold of conduct which makes use of that weapon permissible.
Recommendation No. 4 - National Trade Facilitation Bodies
Sep 2020The revised Recommendation No. 4 integrates Guidelines that provide a detailed description of the steps for establishing the national trade facilitation bodies (NTFB) as well as a model terms of reference for an NTFB which countries use or customize based on their national context. It also provides a non-exhaustive list of those stakeholders that should be represented in an NTFB including: importers exporters freight forwarders carriers customs other government agencies banks insurance companies and others. Recommendation No. 4 is complemented by Recommendation No. 40 on “Consultative Approaches Best Practices in Trade and Government Consultation on Trade Facilitation Matters” which provides suggested complementary and alternative forms and approaches to consultation and offers a qualitative methodology to improve the very core of the consultative process.
United Nations E-Government Survey 2020
Jul 2020The Survey assesses global and regional e-government development through a comparative rating of national government portals relative to one another. It is designed to provide a snapshot of country trends and relative rankings of e-government development in the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals. It presents trends and relative rankings of e-government development across 193 Member States through a quantitative composite index the E-Government Development Index (EGDI) with three separate components - the Online Service Index (OSI) Telecommunication Infrastructure Index (TII) and Human Capital Index (HCI). Includes addendum on COVID-19 (coronavirus) response.
Development Policy and Multilateralism after COVID-19
Jul 2020This Policy Note assembles analysis by members of the UN Committee for Development Policy and their co-authors on different angles of the COVID-19 (coronavirus) crisis and the challenges and opportunities it presents for development policy and multilateralism. The document addresses among other issues: new ways of designing the relationship between governments and private actors that puts public interest at the center; principles and concrete ideas for a multilateral response to COVID-19 as well as for a new multilateralism going forward; and how to respond to COVID-19 in a context of severe inequalities including gender-based inequalities.
Рекомендация No. 43 - устойчивые закупки
May 2020Procurement usually prioritizes cost aspects; however it is becoming increasingly important to consider an appropriate balance between financial environmental and social considerations. This recommendation proposes an approach to both sustainable public-sector procurement as well as sustainable private-sector procurement. It provides key references in this area and offers a sample code of conduct in annex. The purpose of this document is to identify a minimal common set of policies standards and good practices that will allow buying corporations to comply with sustainability principles without burdening their MSME suppliers with additional administrative tasks that would go against the good principles of trade facilitation. From a methodological point of view the concept of sustainability is conceived here according to an integrated perspective—encompassing environmental social and economic impacts in order to avoid the limiting processes of “Greening the Economy”.
Recommendation No. 43 - Pratiques d’achat durables
May 2020Dans les pratiques d'achat les questions de coût sont généralement prioritaires; on accorde cependant une importance croissante à la recherche d'un équilibre approprié entre les impératifs financiers environnementaux et sociaux. L'approche proposée dans la présente recommandation concerne aussi bien les pratiques d'achat durables du secteur public que les pratiques d'achat durables du secteur privé. On y trouvera les références principales dans ce domaine tandis qu'un modèle de code de conduite est proposé en annexe. La présente recommendation a pour but de proposer un ensemble commun minimum de politiques de normes et de bonnes pratiques qui permettront aux sociétés procédant à des achats de respecter les principes de durabilité sans imposer à leurs fournisseurs parmi les MPME des formalités administratives supplémentaires qui seraient contraires aux principes établis de la facilitation du commerce. D'un point de vue méthodologique la notion de durabilité est conçue ici en adoptant un point de vue intégré qui englobe les incidences environnementales sociales et économiques de façon à éviter les processus restrictifs de la démarche d'« écologisation de l'économie ».
Recommendation No. 43 - Sustainable Procurement
May 2020Procurement usually prioritizes cost aspects; however it is becoming increasingly important to consider an appropriate balance between financial environmental and social considerations. This recommendation proposes an approach to both sustainable public-sector procurement as well as sustainable private-sector procurement. It provides key references in this area and offers a sample code of conduct in annex. The purpose of this document is to identify a minimal common set of policies standards and good practices that will allow buying corporations to comply with sustainability principles without burdening their MSME suppliers with additional administrative tasks that would go against the good principles of trade facilitation. From a methodological point of view the concept of sustainability is conceived here according to an integrated perspective—encompassing environmental social and economic impacts in order to avoid the limiting processes of “Greening the Economy”.
Digital and Sustainable Trade Facilitation Implementation in the UNECE Region
Apr 2020The United Nations Regional Commissions in partnership with other key United Nations Organizations have committed to supporting member States in implementing the WTO TFA. This report is part of that commitment and the policy recommendations and technical standards developed by UNECE and UN/CEFACT are key implementation tools not only for the UNECE region but also for other regions across the world. Facilitating trade and reducing trade barriers is of central importance to the economies of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) as it enables them to better connect and gain from regional and global value chains and to fully harness the potential of trade as an engine for growth and sustainable development. Yet both in the UNECE region and globally trade barriers remain high. According to the latest data from the ESCAP-World Bank International Trade Cost Database the overall cost of trading goods among the three largest European Union (EU) economies remains at a 42% average tariff on the value of traded goods while it reaches a peak of 169% for trading with South-Eastern Europe. Similarly the cost of trading among Central Asian countries averages 75% while it reaches 153% with the three largest EU countries.
Assessment of the Conflict Prevention Capabilities of African Regional Economic Communities
Apr 2020The Assessment of the Conflict Prevention Capabilities of African Regional Economic Communities (RECs) is an outcome of a six-month-long study that was commissioned by the Office of the Special Adviser on Africa (OSAA) to map out existing institutional capabilities and gaps as well as entry points and opportunities within the RECs in preventing conflicts and addressing the structural or root causes. The study is consistent with the renewed global and continental focus on conflict prevention which the United Nations and the African Union have respectively identified as a priority for their individual and shared efforts to prevent violent conflicts promote inclusive sustainable development and sustain peace on the continent. Seven of the eight African RECs participated in the study which mapped out their respective geopolitical context necessitating conflict prevention their organizational or institutional structure mandate existing policies and framework documents on conflict prevention tools and resources for conflict prevention partnerships and collaboration on conflict prevention their support to Member States in developing national and local conflict prevention capacities and lessons learned in institutionalizing conflict prevention. The study covers both the operational and structural dimensions of conflict prevention and concludes with recommendations on key areas for bolstering the conflict prevention capabilities of the RECs.
Informe sobre la Economía Digital 2019
Apr 2020El Informe sobre la Economía Digital 2019 con el título de “Creación y captura de valor - repercusión para los países en desarrollo” presenta las tendencias recientes en el panorama digital mundial y examina los efectos de los datos y las plataformas digitales en las políticas y el desarrollo económicos. Una característica importante de la economía digital en evolución es la mayor importancia de los datos como recurso económico junto con las plataformas digitales que se convierten en actores influyentes con capacidad para obtener procesar analizar y monetizar datos. El Informe considera opciones de política para ayudar a los países a garantizar que capturan una parte justa del valor que se crea en la economía digital con el propósito de contribuir al desarrollo inclusivo. Aspectos clave a considerar son las repercuriones de las tecnologías emergentes y de las plataformas digitales en el mercado así como en las pequeñas empresas en los países en desarrollo y los efectos en lo que se refiere a infraestructura emprendimiento habilidades competencia flujos de datos protección de datos tributación y otras políticas relevantes.