International Trade and Finance
UNCITRAL Legislative Guide on Insolvency Law for Micro- and Small Enterprises
The Legislative Guide is designed to take the unique characteristics of micro- and small enterprises (MSEs) into account and to respond to the specific needs and circumstances of their financial distress. In particular MSEs often have intermingled business and personal debts and a centralized governance model in which ownership control and management overlap. Unlike larger enterprises MSEs are often unsophisticated in financial business management legal and insolvency matters.In addition they may have strong concerns over stigmatization arising from insolvency and this might affect their behaviour in the period approaching insolvency. They may also face more obstacles in resolving financial difficulties particularly if their creditors are disengaged and disinterested to assist which is often the case because MSE creditors consider that the costs of their efforts may outweigh the benefits.
دليل الأونسيترال التشريعي بشأن الشركات ذات المسؤولية المحدودة
يقدم هذا الدليل التشريعي توصيات تشريعية وتعليقات ذات صلة بشأن إنشاء وتشغيل أشكال مبسطة من المؤسسات ذات المسؤولية المحدودة، والتي تناسب بشكل خاص المؤسسات متناهية الصغر والصغيرة والمتوسطة.
Guide législatif de la CNUDCI sur les entreprises à responsabilité limitée
Le Guide contient des recommandations législatifs et un commentaire sur la formation et la gestion des formes simplifiées des entreprises à responsabilités limitées qui sont particulièrement convenantes pour le micro petites et moyennes entreprises.
توصيات بشأن نقل البضائع الخطرة
The Model Regulations cover the classification of dangerous goods and their listing the use construction testing and approval of packagings and portable tanks and the consignment procedures (marking labeling placarding and documentation). They aim at ensuring a high level of safety by preventing accidents to persons and property and damage to the environment during transport and providing at the same time a uniform regulatory framework which can be applied worldwide for national or international transport by any mode.
Recomendaciones relativas al transporte de mercancías peligrosas
El Reglamento Modelo cubre la clasificación de mercancías peligrosas y su listado el uso construcción prueba y aprobación de embalajes y tanques portátiles y los procedimientos de envío (marcado etiquetado rotulación y documentación). Su objetivo es garantizar un alto nivel de seguridad al evitar accidentes a personas y bienes y daños al medio ambiente durante el transporte y al mismo tiempo proporcionar un marco normativo uniforme que pueda aplicarse en todo el mundo para el transporte nacional o internacional por cualquier medio.
Guía legislativa de la CNUDMI sobre las empresas de responsabilidad limitada
Esta Guía Legislativa proporciona recomendaciones legislativas y comentarios relevantes sobre el establecimiento y operación de formas simplificadas de empresas de responsabilidad limitada que son particularmente adecuadas para micro pequeñas y medianas empresas.
UNCITRAL Legislative Guide on Limited Liability Enterprises
This Legislative Guide provides legislative recommendations and relevant commentary on the establishment and operation of simplified forms of limited liability enterprises which are particularly suitable for micro small and medium-sized enterprises.
The Basics of Quality Infrastructure for Trade
Quality infrastructure is the unsung hero of trade; it is essential for market access whilst promoting essential regulatory objectives such as safety quality and sustainability in industrial goods. But it is not well known by the general public. This publication provides a baseline understanding of the different elements of quality infrastructure and some insight as to how this affects trade flows. The main target audience is operators involved in international trade. It can serve as a resource when explaining these requirements to colleagues or supervisors. It can also be useful for experts and government officials already familiar with certain elements of quality infrastructure but seeking more information on the other elements.
Руководство ЮНСИТРАЛ для законодательных органов по предприятиям с ограниченной ответственностью
В настоящем Руководстве для законодательных органов представлены законодательные рекомендации и соответствующие комментарии по созданию и функционированию упрощенных форм предприятий с ограниченной ответственностью которые особенно подходят для микро- малых и средних предприятий.
النظام المنسق عالمياً لتصنيف المواد الكيميائية ووسمها (GHS)
The GHS addresses classification of chemicals by types of hazard and proposes harmonized hazard communication elements including labels and safety data sheets. It aims at ensuring that information on physical hazards and toxicity from chemicals be available in order to enhance the protection of human health and the environment during the handling transport and use of these chemicals. It also provides a basis for harmonization of rules and regulations on chemicals at national regional and worldwide levels an important factor also for trade facilitation.
Согласованная на Глобальном Уровне Система Классификации Опасности и Маркировки Химической Продукции (СГС)
The GHS addresses classification of chemicals by types of hazard and proposes harmonized hazard communication elements including labels and safety data sheets. It aims at ensuring that information on physical hazards and toxicity from chemicals be available in order to enhance the protection of human health and the environment during the handling transport and use of these chemicals. It also provides a basis for harmonization of rules and regulations on chemicals at national regional and worldwide levels an important factor also for trade facilitation.
Roadmap for Building a Trade Single Window
Building on more than 40 years of experience delivering customs and trade digitalization through the Automated System for Customs Data (ASYCUDA) and over 10 years’ experience in assisting with creating electronic Single Windows for trade in 11 countries the UNCTAD Trade Single Window Concept Implementation Guide details UNCTAD’s bespoke approach to Single Window implementation reflecting both the aspirations and capacities of the countries in question while building local capacity and sustainability. The purpose of this guide is to help countries to design build and implement a tailor-made electronic Single Window system for international trade according to national needs.
World Economic Situation and Prospects 2024
The 2024 edition of the United Nations’ World Economic Situation and Prospects report comes amid stark global economic inequalities and high geopolitical tensions. While rich economies have largely bounced back from the COVID-19 pandemic developing economies have lost ground. Many are drowning in debt with more than a third at risk of crisis. Investment in climate action and sustainable development is falling woefully short. Hunger and poverty are on the rise. And growing divisions between countries and economies are preventing an effective response. As this report makes clear 2024 is projected to be another tough year. Sluggish global growth is projected to slow further. Investment will remain weak. The debt crisis will continue to spiral as debt service obligations reach new heights. Devastating conflicts and escalating extreme weather are bringing uncertainty and risk to the global economy.
Convention des Nations Unies sur les effets internationaux des ventes judiciaires de navires : avec note explicative élaborée par le secrétariat de la CNUDCI
La Convention de Beijing sur la vente judiciaire de navires établit un régime harmonisé pour donner un effet international aux ventes judiciaires de navires. En garantissant la sécurité juridique quant au titre que l'acheteur acquiert sur le navire lors de sa navigation internationale la convention vise à maximiser le prix que le navire est en mesure d'attirer sur le marché et les bénéfices disponibles pour la distribution entre les créanciers et à promouvoir Échange international. La convention a été préparée par la Commission des Nations Unies pour le droit commercial international (CNUDCI) et adoptée en 2022. Cette publication rassemble le texte final de la convention et une note explicative préparée par le secrétariat de la CNUDCI qui s'appuie sur les travaux préparatoires au sein de la CNUDCI pour fournir des remarques détaillées article par article pour aider les personnes impliquées dans l’étude ou l’application de la convention.
数字经济相关法律问题 分类法
This taxonomy has been prepared by the secretariat of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) to map the main legal issues relating to emerging digital technologies in trade. It covers the key topics of artificial intelligence data digital assets online platforms and distributed ledger systems. For each topic the taxonomy defines key concepts explores the actors legal relationships and legal issues involved and appraises the application of existing legislative texts developed by UNCITRAL. The publication supports the central and coordinating role of UNCITRAL within the United Nations system in addressing legal issues related to the digital economy and is designed to guide future legislative projects aimed at enabling digital trade.
SDG Pulse 2023
SDG pulse provides quantitative assessments of progress with the 2030 Agenda through both a selection of official SDG indicators as well as complementary data and statistics. It also presents recent conceptual and methodological developments regarding SDG indicators of which UNCTAD is the custodian. It has become UNCTAD’s reference publication in mapping the organization’s work with the SDGs not only from an analytical perspective but also in terms of technical cooperation and capacity development. This year’s edition explores new sources for financing development sharing the first-ever preliminary estimates for an SDG indicator on illicit financial flows. Lastly this edition of the SDG Pulse is structured according to the four transformations identified in UNCTAD15’s Bridgetown Covenant – multilateralism and trade sustainability and resilience development finance and diversification with a particular focus on the most vulnerable and those furthest behind. This year’s In-Focus tackles the challenge of costing the achievement of SDGs through six transition pathways.
Taxonomie des questions juridiques liées à l’économie numérique
Cette taxonomie a été préparée par le secrétariat de la Commission des Nations Unies pour le droit commercial international (CNUDCI) pour cartographier les principales questions juridiques liées aux technologies numériques émergentes dans le commerce. Il couvre les sujets clés de l'intelligence artificielle des données des actifs numériques des plateformes en ligne et des systèmes de registres distribués. Pour chaque sujet la taxonomie définit les concepts clés explore les acteurs les relations juridiques et les questions juridiques impliquées et évalue l'application des textes législatifs existants élaborés par la CNUDCI. La publication soutient le rôle central et de coordination de la CNUDCI au sein du système des Nations Unies dans le traitement des questions juridiques liées à l'économie numérique et est conçue pour guider les futurs projets législatifs visant à permettre le commerce numérique.
Юридическая таксономия по вопросам, касающимся цифровой экономики
This taxonomy has been prepared by the secretariat of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) to map the main legal issues relating to emerging digital technologies in trade. It covers the key topics of artificial intelligence data digital assets online platforms and distributed ledger systems. For each topic the taxonomy defines key concepts explores the actors legal relationships and legal issues involved and appraises the application of existing legislative texts developed by UNCITRAL. The publication supports the central and coordinating role of UNCITRAL within the United Nations system in addressing legal issues related to the digital economy and is designed to guide future legislative projects aimed at enabling digital trade.
تصنيف للمسائل القانونية المتعلقة بالاقتصاد الرقمي
This taxonomy has been prepared by the secretariat of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) to map the main legal issues relating to emerging digital technologies in trade. It covers the key topics of artificial intelligence data digital assets online platforms and distributed ledger systems. For each topic the taxonomy defines key concepts explores the actors legal relationships and legal issues involved and appraises the application of existing legislative texts developed by UNCITRAL. The publication supports the central and coordinating role of UNCITRAL within the United Nations system in addressing legal issues related to the digital economy and is designed to guide future legislative projects aimed at enabling digital trade.