Executive summary

The 1995 Dayton Peace Accords ended the ethnic conflict in Bosnia, which had cost many lives and left over two million people displaced or refugees. The peace agreement also set up the political and governing structure for Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH); the federal government structure comprised a state and two ethnically divided entities. A peacekeeping force led by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was deployed for secure implementation of the peace accord and, in 2004, responsibility for peacekeeping was transferred to the European Union (EU). A High Representative (who also serves as the European Union Special Representative), nominated by the Peace Implementation Council and endorsed by the UN Security Council, oversees the civilian implementation of the agreement.

Sustainable Development Goals:

Decent Work and Economic Growth

Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions