1945

For Timor-Leste, one of world’s youngest countries, the past decade has been a period of consolidating stability and building national institutions, while at the same time dealing with civil unrest. When the first government of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste was established after the restoration of independence on 20 May 2002, the development challenges before it were enormous. Four centuries of Portuguese colonialism, two and a half decades of Indonesian occupation and a violent transition from Indonesian rule in September 1999 had left the country devastated and its people living in extreme poverty. Seventy percent of Timor-Leste’s economic infrastructure (such as housing stock, public buildings and utilities), 80 percent of schools and virtually all medical facilities were destroyed. The extensive devastation of homes, farms and infrastructure throughout the country added to the complexity of peacebuilding and state-building. In addition to the governments’ persistent efforts, the United Nations provided support under several different mandates, such as peacekeeping, capacity-building efforts to strengthen the security and justice sectors, and humanitarian and reconstruction support that contributed to state-building.

Related Subject(s): Economic and Social Development
Countries: Timor-Leste
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