1945

Trends in employment and changes in the occupational structure

During the 1990s, the job supply rose in Latin America at an average annual rate of 2.6%, while the demand for workers increased at 2.2%. As a result of inadequate job creation, unemployment rose significantly in that period to around 8.6% (over 18 million persons) by the end of the decade. At the same time, there was a decline in the quality of employment —measured in terms of the degree of informality of the economy— given that 7 out of every 10 new jobs in urban areas were generated in the informal or low–productivity sectors. Over the last ten years, the female labour force participation rate increased from 37.9% to 42.0% and there was a trend towards the feminization of some occupations; however, the male/female unemployment gap has widened further.

Related Subject(s): Economic and Social Development
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