1945

Biodiversity and protected areas

The landscapes of Turkmenistan are dominated by the lowland deserts and xeric shrublands of the Karakum Desert, which account for some 79 per cent of the country’s area (Figure 10.1). Although the medium-height mountainous areas of Kopetdag, Badkhyz, Balkhan and Kugitang occupy only 2 per cent of the territory, they harbour two thirds of the country’s species. The alluvial plain of the Amu Darya River in the north-east includes significant tugai forests. There are also lakes (many temporary) and smaller rivers, most of which end blindly in the Karakum Desert or are entirely used for irrigation. Anthropogenic landscapes include oases and the 1,445 km Karakum Canal. All of the landscape types comprise a variety of ecosystems with their specific flora and fauna (Map 10.1).

Related Subject(s): Environment and Climate Change
Countries: Turkmenistan
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