Preface

Three basic objectives or drivers lie at the core of the energy policies of countries belonging to the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). These are enhancement of energy security, the promotion of economic efficiency, and the protection of human health and the environment. Energy security has grabbed most of the headlines recently because of the significant rise in oil prices from $20 in 2003 to about $135 per barrel as of June 2008, and concerns regarding the overall tightening of world energy markets and increasing geopolitical and energy security risks. Once again, stark warnings can be heard about the sharp draw down and availability of conventional hydrocarbon resources.

Sustainable Development Goals:

Affordable and Clean Energy