Geographical Indications (GIs) – definitions and overview

Most of us know of many products that represent a GI and yet may not be aware of their ubiquitousness. They range from Champagne, Scotch whisky, and Port wine to Idaho potatoes, Roquefort cheese, and Kona coffee. All are registered Geographical Indications (GIs), sometimes called appellations, that represent a very successful form of differentiation and competitive advantage in today’s markets. GIs are a unique expression of local agro-ecological and cultural characteristics that have come to be valued and protected in many countries throughout the world. Besides the well-known GIs from more developed regions, there are also a number from developing regions such as Darjeeling tea, Aranyik knives, Basmati rice, and Pisco liquor. However, not all GIs are popular or successful.

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