Services in the economies of the socialist countries of Eastern Europe

In order to understand the role assigned to the service sector in the socialist countries, it has to be placed in the context of a continuous debate on so-called productive (material) versus non-productive (non-material) activities. Traditionally, the majority of scholars in the socialist countries of Eastern Europe have distinguished between the following categories of economic activities: (a) productive - agriculture, industry and construction; (b) semi-productive - commerce, transportation and communication services provided to (a); and (c) nonproductive - public administration, education and science, health, military, professional services, arts, transportation and communications for consumers.

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Decent Work and Economic Growth

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