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- Volume 17, Issue 4, 2002
Asia-Pacific Population Journal - Volume 17, Issue 4, 2002
Volume 17, Issue 4, 2002
Issued quarterly, this journal is an invaluable resource containing opinions and analyses by experts on critical issues related to population. It provides a medium for the international exchange of knowledge, experience, ideas, technical information, and data on all aspects of population
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Population and poverty: Challenges for Asia and the Pacific
Author: Thoraya Ahmed ObaidOver the past decade, East Asia has halved the proportion of people living in extreme poverty on a dollar or less per day, from 28 to 14 per cent. During the same period, South Asia, where nearly half the world’s poor live, has seen a more modest drop: from 44 to 40 per cent. While part of East Asia’s success can be attributed to good economic policies, economic growth is by no means a magic potion. In fact, growth can actually increase income inequality and widen the gap between rich and poor. To reduce extreme poverty, social investment is needed to expand opportunities, capabilities and participation so that people can climb out of poverty.
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Half a century of unparalleled demographic change: The Asia-Pacific experience
Author: K. S. SeetharamThe past 50 years of demographic change in Asia and the Pacific is without historic parallel, altering the region’s demographic landscape forever. What makes the change so striking is the rapid and unparalleled pace at which it has occurred. The change has been accompanied by significant developments in the economic, social, cultural and political fabric of the countries in the region. The process that began half a century ago continues to grip more countries and population groups of Asia and the Pacific and brings with it inevitable and significant development challenges for the future.
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Population and poverty: Some perspectives on Asia and the Pacific
Author: Stan BernsteinThe international community has committed itself to an ambitious programme of social development for the opening decades of the twenty-first century. Attacking poverty directly — as a matter of human rights, to accelerate development and to reduce inequality within and among countries — has become an urgent global priority. World leaders have agreed on a variety of new initiatives, including the United Nations millennium development goals (United Nations, 2001).
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Poverty and mortality in the context of economic growth and urbanization
Authors: John C. Caldwell and Bruce K. CaldwellAsia has always been a demographic giant, but in the second half of the twentieth century it also became an economic giant. In those 50 years, real per capita income (expressed in purchasing power parity) in Asia multiplied by more than five, compared with a multiplication in Western countries of little more than threefold, and in Latin America and Africa by 2.3 and 1.6 times, respectively (Maddison, 2001). During this half century, the world GDP in fixed United States dollars multiplied six times but that of Asia did so by more than 12 times, taking the continent’s proportion of the world economy from 18 to 36 per cent. That growth was fundamental to the mortality revolution outlined here but it was also achieved by massive urbanization, producing huge cities with savage contrasts between the living conditions of the poor and the rich. Asian urban population multiplied over eightfold from under one quarter of a billion to over two billion, and will by 2020 constitute half the population. This was partly the product of hundreds of millions of poor villagers streaming into illegal shanty towns, especially around the largest cities.
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Migration and poverty
Author: Ronald SkeldonMigration can both cause and be caused by poverty. Similarly, poverty can be alleviated as well as exacerbated by population movement. Easy generalizations are impossible to make but it is likely that the relative impact of migration on poverty, and of poverty on migration, varies by level of development of the area under consideration. In some parts of the world and under certain conditions, poverty may be a root cause of migration, whereas in other parts, under different conditions, the poor will be among the last to move. Equally, in some areas, migration may be an avenue out of poverty while in others it contributes to an extension of poverty.
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Education and health in South Asia: What do we know?
Author: Leela VisariaDuring the last decade, at least three international conferences (the World Conference on Human Rights in Vienna in 1993, the International Conference on Population and Development in Cairo in 1994 and the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing in 1995) sought to reshape a vision of women’s lives by placing gender equity, women’s rights, empowerment, health (including reproductive health), quality of life, equality and freedom at the centre of population and sustainable development policies and programmes. In the period since these international events, almost all States, as signatories of the action agendas of the conferences, have attempted to move closer to fulfilling many of the commitments. In this endeavour, they have also sought the help f both national and international non-governmental organizations, institutions and corporate sectors. However, certain challenges remain for many of the countries in terms of access to services for some of the marginalized groups. Perhaps more innovative approaches rather than the standard poverty alleviation approaches are needed to bring all within the fold of development.
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Adolescent reproductive health in Asia
Author: Bhakta B. GubhajuThe reproductive health of adolescents is of growing concern today. The Programme of Action adopted at the International Conference on Population and Development, held at Cairo in 1994, stresses the importance of addressing adolescent sexual and reproductive health issues and promoting responsible sexual and reproductive behaviour (United Nations, 1994). The reproductive health needs of adolescents have been largely ignored by the existing health services. Therefore, there is a need to provide such services and to undertake research in understanding adolescent sexual behaviour and reproductive health.
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Volumes & issues
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Volume 32
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Volume 31
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Volume 30
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Volume 28
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Volume 26
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Volume 29
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Volume 27
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Volume 25
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Volume 24
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Volume 23
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Volume 22
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Volume 21
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Volume 20
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Volume 19
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Volume 18
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Volume 17
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Volume 16
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Volume 15
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Volume 14
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Volume 13
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Volume 12
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Volume 11
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Volume 10
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Volume 9
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Volume 8
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Volume 7
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Volume 6
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Volume 5
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Volume 4
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Volume 3
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Volume 2
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Volume 1