United States
Promoting International Investment by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises
This report examines through empirical research and policy analysis the internationalization process of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), shedding light on the key factors, challenges, and strategies essential for harnessing the global potential of these dynamic enterprises. The objective of this report is to offer a practical guide to policymakers for the promotion and facilitation of SMEs inward and outward investment. It aims to identify ways and means both to attract FDI by (foreign) SMEs and to support the internationalization of (domestic) SMEs, to maximize their development benefits. The report presents new insights and real-world examples of SMEs that have successfully navigated international markets, emphasizing the lessons learned and best practices and illustrating the impact of supportive government policies and initiatives on SMEs' global ventures.
Double Taxation Treaties and Their Implications for Investment: What Investment Policymakers Need to Know
This guide complements the “twin” guide on international investment agreements (IIAs) and their implications for tax measures published in 2021 by UNCTAD in cooperation with the WU Global Tax Policy Center. It equally aims to stimulate interaction between investment policymakers and DTT negotiators. This guide aims to bridge the gap between investment and tax policy, complementing a previous guide on IIAs. Its detailed exploration of DTTs, providing insights into their structure, functioning, and impact on international investment, advocates for a synergistic approach between tax and investment policymaking. The guide emphasizes the importance of coherent policies to support sustainable development and economic growth.
Sustainability Integration by Public Pension and Sovereign Wealth Funds, 2022
This study examines ESG and sustainability integration in the investment practices of the world’s 100 largest public pension funds (PPFs) and sovereign wealth funds (SWFs), accounting for $22 trillion in assets under management (AUM). PPFs and SWFs have long-term obligations and investment horizons. This puts them in a unique position to contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and take action on sustainability risks, especially climate change. By reviewing the sustainability reporting of 47 ‘frontrunner’ funds, this study identifies a rich pool of good practices for sustainability integration in six strategic areas: governance, corporate sustainable investment policies, sustainability integration strategies, ESG integration along the investment chain, climate action, and evaluation and reporting. The findings of the report and best practice cases will also contribute to UNCTAD guidance on sustainability integration for institutional investors, with a particular relevance for developing countries.
The UNCTAD Model Law on Competition After 30 Years - Some Reflections
UNCTAD Model Law on Competition (Model Law) has been developed by member States’ representatives gathered in UNCTAD intergovernmental meetings to provide guidance on competition legislations, particularly for developing countries that are not familiar with this field, recognizing their interest to be able to take appropriate actions towards anticompetitive practices. The discussion on the Model Law in UNCTAD dates back to the 1970s, when only around 20 jurisdictions in the world had competition laws and authorities, and most were developed countries. This publication revisits the Model Law from different angles; the origin and history of the Model Law, as well as its negotiation are discussed. Testimonials from young competition authorities from developing countries share the relevance of the Model Law in the drafting of their own competition laws and refer to the implications of the Model Law to developing countries.
Entrepreneurs Riding the Wave of Circularity
The publication explores the importance of moving towards a circular economy model — a growing economic model that not only tackles pressing environmental challenges but also has the potential to unlock economic growth, job creation, and contribute to building resilient and sustainable societies. The core focus of the publication within this topic lies in highlighting the pivotal role of entrepreneurs as catalysts of circularity. It emphasizes how entrepreneurs driving SMEs and start-ups have the power to bring about mindset changes within their communities and send ripples of change throughout the entire value chain by introducing new products, services, methods of production, and business models that respond to emerging needs. The paper also acknowledges the challenges that limit entrepreneurial innovation for a circular economy, particularly in developing nations. As such, it outlines policy measures to create a thriving environment for entrepreneurs to innovate in this direction.
No. 32637. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and United States of America
Treaty on the delimitation in the Caribbean of a maritime boundary relating to Puerto Rico/U.S. Virgin Islands and the British Virgin Islands (with annex and chart). Signed at London on 5 November 1993
No. 32638. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and United States of America
Agreement concerning the facilitation of air navigation services. Signed at London on 11 May 1995
No. 32016. Exchange of notes constituting an agreement between the Republic of Korea and the United States of America concerning exports of cotton, wool, man-made fiber, silk blend and other non-cotton vegetable fiber textiles and textile products. Washington, 14 September 1990
EXCHANGE OF NOTES CONSTITUTING AN AGREEMENT AMENDING THE ABOVE-MENTIONED AGREEMENT. WASHINGTON, 31 OCTOBER AND 10 DECEMBER 1991
No. 33348. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and United States of America
Exchange of notes constituting an agreement concerning the Agreement on the annex on intellectual property rights of 29 November 1995. Washington, 29 November 1995
No. 27639. Agreement between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the United States of America concerning the investigation of drug trafficking offences and the seizure and forfeiture of proceeds and instrumentalities of drag trafficking. Signed at London on 9 February 1988
EXCHANGE OF NOTES CONSTITUTING AN AGREEMENT FURTHER AMENDING THE ABOVE-MENTIONED AGREEMENT. LONDON, 19 JUNE AND 29 JULY 1996
No. 33345. Australia and United States of America
Exchange of notes constituting an agreement concerning certain mutual defence commitments. Syduey and Canberra, 1 December 1995
No. 32547. Germany and United States of America
Agreement concerning the settlement of certain property claims (with annex). Signed at Bonn on 13 May 1992
No. 32548. Germany and United States of America
Agreement for the promotion of German-American understanding in the field of broadcasting and for the conducting of exchange programs for broadcast professionals. Signed at Berlin on 19 May 1992
No. 33157. United States of America and Tunisia
International Express Mail Agreement (with detailed regulations). Signed at Tunis on 12 November 1982 and at Washington on 4 January 1983
No. 33155. United States of America and Israel
Grant Agreement for economic assistance. Signed at Washington on 16 December 1982
No. 33159. United States of America and Sweden
Memorandum of Agreement on the exchange of military personnel between the United States Marine Corps and the Royal Swedish Navy and on the general conditions which will apply. Signed at Washington on 13 and 17 January 1983
No. 33537. France and United States of America
Convention for the avoidance of double taxation and the prevention of fiscal evasion with respect to taxes on income and capital (with exchange of notes). Signed at Paris on 31 August 1994
No. 33405. New Zealand and United States of America
Exchange of letters constituting an agreement concerning the establishment of certain mutual defense commitments. Washington, 16 July 1996
No. 33404. New Zealand and United States of America
Agreement regarding mutual assistance between their customs services. Signed at Hong Kong on 13 June 1996
No. 33375. Netherlands (in respect of Aruba) and United States of America
Agreement on preclearance (with annex). Signed at Washington on 2 December 1994
No. 27639. Agreement between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the United States of America concerning the investigation of drug trafficking offences and the seizure and forfeiture of proceeds and instrumentalities of drug trafficking. Signed at London on 9 February 1988
No. 32765. United Nations and United States of America
Exchange of letters constituting an agreement concerning the United Nations/United States International Conference on Spin-off Benefits of Space Technology: Challenges and Opportunities, to be held in Colorado Springs, USA, from 9 to 12 April 1996. Vienna, 29 March and 2 April 1996
No. 32819. Spain and United States of America
Agreement on scientific and technological cooperation (with annex). Signed at Madrid on 10 June 1994
No. 31268. Cooperation Service Agreement between the United Nations and the Government of the United States of America for the contribution of personnel to the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia. Signed at New York on 18 October 1994
No. 31599. International atomic energy agency, Colombia and United States of America
Agreement concerning the transfer of enriched uranium for a research reactor (with annexes and table). Signed at Vienna on 30 May 1994 and at Bogota on 7 and 17 June 1994
No. 31592. Australia and United States of America
Agreement concerning co-operative and collaborative research, development and engineering (with appendix). Signed at Washington on 21 October 1994
No. 32042. Canada and United States of America
Exchange of notes constituting an agreement for cooperation in connection with CANEX-2 payload on a space shuttle flight (with memorandum of understanding of 31 March 1992). Ottawa, 4 August and 14 October 1992
No. 4707. Agreement between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the United States of America for co-operation on the uses of atomic energy for mutual defense purposes. Signed at Washington, on 3 July 1958
No. 32475. Brazil and United States of America
Memorandum of Understanding on narcotics control (with annexes). Signed at Brasília on 20 August 1993
No. 31268. Cooperation Service Agreement between the United Nations and the Government of the United States of America for the contribution of personnel to the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia. Signed at New York on 18 October 1994
EXCHANGE OF LETTERS CONSTITUTING AN AGREEMENT EXTENDING THE ABOVE-MENTIONED AGREEMENT. NEW YORK, 17 OCTOBER 1996
No. 33252. Estonia and United States of America
Memorandum of understanding concerning diplomatic relations. Signed at Tallinn on 4 September 1991
No. 33254. Estonia and United States of America
Agreement concerning the program of the Peace Corps of the United States in the Republic of Estonia. Signed at Tallinn on 6 February 1992
No. 33255. Estonia and United States of America
Agreement on science and technology cooperation (with annex). Signed at Riga on 6 July 1994
No. 32759. United Nations and United States of America
Memorandum of understanding for the contribution of civilian personnel to the United Nations Transitional Administration for Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium (with annexes). Signed at New York on 26 March 1996