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- Social Panorama of Latin America
Social Panorama of Latin America
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Social Panorama of Latin America and the Caribbean 2023
Labour Inclusion as a Key Axis of Inclusive Social Development
This edition of the Social Panorama of Latin America and the Caribbean addresses the challenges of labour inclusion as a key axis for inclusive social development. Despite a recovery in social indicators in 2022 (reduction of poverty and inequality recovery of employment) the region faces a double trap of low growth and high levels of poverty and inequality. Labour inclusion is key to combating poverty reducing informality and inequality and moving towards inclusive social development. Gender gaps in labour market inclusion are driven by the unequal distribution of the burden of care work which is largely borne by women. In the case of migrants overqualification and discrimination also affect their labour market inclusion. The efforts made by countries in terms of investment in labour policies which on average amount to 0.34% of GDP are insufficient. What is needed is a shift from labour market integration to labour market inclusion guaranteeing access to quality employment income above the minimum wage and access to social protection particularly for women and young people.
Social Panorama of Latin America and the Caribbean 2022
Transforming Education as a Basis for Sustainable Development
This publication presents the relevant macroeconomic background in terms of the evolution of per capita GDP employment household income distribution and the consumer price index and looks at how income inequality and poverty have changed over the past two decades. It discusses changes that occurred in social stratification during the COVID-19 pandemic and addresses the worrying silent crisis of education as another of the pandemic’s major consequences including access to quality alternatives for continuing education and the availability of resources for remote learning. The publication delves upon access to education and the unequal labour impacts of the pandemic on men and women. It also analyses the social institutional framework and the evolution of social spending in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2021
The 2021 edition of the Social Panorama of Latin America examines the social impact of the crisis prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic and provides the most recent statistics on poverty inequality and social spending in the region. The study also analyzes the prolonged health crisis’s profound effects on health care and social protection systems along with the labor impacts caused by the pandemic and it includes a chapter on the importance of moving towards a care society as the beacon for a sustainable recovery with gender equality.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2020
This publication examines the social impact of an unprecedented crisis. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have spread to all areas of human life altering the way we interact crippling economies and bringing about profound changes in societies. The pandemic has highlighted and exacerbated the major structural gaps in the region and it is clear that the costs of inequality have become unsustainable and that it is necessary to rebuild with equality and sustainability aiming for the creation of a true welfare state long overdue in the region.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2019
The Social Panorama of Latin America 2019 analyzes issues crucial to understanding and action given the structural challenges facing the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean in the current economic and social situation especially in the context of the transformations underway in labour markets. Throughout the report which has been published since 1991 strategies and policies are suggested for advancing toward inclusive development in accordance with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2018
The Social Panorama of Latin America 2018 analyzes issues crucial to understanding and action given the structural challenges facing the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean in the current economic and social situation especially in the context of the transformations underway in labour markets. Throughout the report which has been published since 1991 strategies and policies are suggested for advancing toward inclusive development in accordance with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2017
In this edition of Social Panorama of Latin America ECLAC has addressed the questions posed by the countries of the region in three major areas: income inequality between individuals and households and how these relate to labour market dynamics; the evolution of poverty and its determinants; and the effects of pension systems on equality. The poverty analysis in this 2017 edition is based on a major update of the methodology used; this offers improved comparability between countries which is an essential input for conducting an overall analysis of how poverty and its determinants have evolved. This effort has led to the creation of a new regional data series. The new statistical series using the national data will be made public by ECLAC in the first half of 2018 once the consultations with the respective countries have been concluded. In this edition as well as continuing the analysis of the dimensions of social inequality given in previous years Commission presents a new study of the demographic context and labour market inequalities and how these relate to the coverage and quality of pension benefits.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2016
The central theme of this edition of Social Panorama of Latin America is social inequality seen as a fundamental challenge and obstacle to sustainable development. Some of the axes and aspects of social inequality are addressed drawing attention to how they intersect with and reinforce one another. The different chapters will examine inequalities in the distribution of income (personal and functional) and property; inequalities over the course of the life cycle; time-use inequalities between men and women; and the situation of Afrodescendent populations as an example of ethnic and racial inequalities. Recent trends in the amount of public resources available to finance social policies capable of tackling poverty and inequality and of promoting inclusive social development are also analysed.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2015
The 2015 edition of Social Panorama of Latin America analyses poverty trends as measured by ECLAC. It also examines changes in income distribution and in other aspects of inequality. With a view to contributing to the development of public policies to overcome poverty and socioeconomic inequality this edition examines the latest trends in social spending and the challenges posed by demographic change and provides in-depth analysis of persistent gaps in the labour market of the challenges facing policies and programmes that foster inclusion in the labour market and production and of social development institutions in Latin America.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2013
Social Panorama of Latin America 2012
This annual report examines the dynamics of paid employment in care activities in Latin American countries as well as household expenditure on such work and proposes normative criteria for public policymaking in this sphere. It also covers 1) poverty trends and determining factors in Latin America; 2) income distribution and social spending trends in the region; and 3) situation of disabled people in Latin American and Caribbean countries.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2011
In 2010 the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) proposed a comprehensive development strategy entitled Time for equality: closing gaps opening trails. This edition of Social Panorama takes a more in-depth look at the chain that produces and reproduces social gaps; it addresses other spheres as well. It focuses on how structural heterogeneity (productivity gaps in the national economies) labour segmentation and gaps in social protection are linked along the chain. Demographic factors such as fertility differentiated by education and income level are discussed as are more specific patterns of risk and exclusion like those impacting young people in the Caribbean.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2010
In 2010 the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) proposed a comprehensive development strategy entitled Time for equality: closing gaps opening trails. This edition of Social Panorama looks at the links in the chain of inequalities identified in that strategy that concern the education and skills development stage of the life cycle. A substantial portion of this edition then deals with the youth and child population and considers how differences created and consolidated during this stage of life entrench the intergenerational reproduction of poverty and inequality. The focus is on the life cycle and on the reproduction of unequal opportunities for sustainable social mobility over an individual's lifetime. From this viewpoint the document examines the situation of the population aged 0-29 and its internal dynamics future prospects and ties to other age groups.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2009
This 17th version of the report - one of ECLAC’s most important flagship publications - provides estimates for 2009 on poverty and indigence in the region and analyses social spending and government social protection policies. The Social Panorama 2009 includes the following among other issues: An analysis of social protection policies including conditional transfer programmes and their re-distributive impact; a review of government social agendas before and during the crisis: actions challenges and options; a diagnosis of who are most vulnerable to poverty in the region and how to protect them and suggestions for a new social protection system in Latin America.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2008
A constant in the Social Panorama of Latin America is the chapter on poverty dynamics in Latin America. The 2008 edition is no exception. Up-to-date estimates and analyses of the relevant figures based on household surveys conducted in 18 countries are provided for the year 2007. Three other chapters focus on the specific topics of the new employment-related target which has been incorporated into the Millennium Development Goals the demographic dividend as an opportunity for expanding secondary education coverage and the issue of youth violence and family violence as viewed from a perspective of social inclusion.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2007
Latin America has extremely high levels of social and economic inequality as well as insufficient social expenditure despite registering the highest growth in per capita GDP since the 70’s. This work provides the latest estimates for the countries of Latin America regarding poverty residential segregation impact of social expenditure on people’s well-being and psycho-social divides. It also analyses internal migrations as well as health programmes for indigenous people and women.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2006
In the last four years Latin America has turned in its best performance in twenty-five years in economic and social terms. Progress with poverty reduction falling unemployment improving income distribution in several countries and a strong upswing in numbers of jobs are the main factors underlying the positive trend in a number of the region's countries. The first two chapters of in this report look at the way the main social indicators have behaved in the last few years. The following two chapters address matters that for different reasons have come to figure prominently on government agendas.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2005
The 2005 edition of the Social Panorama of Latin America analyses recent poverty trends and the increase in migrant remittances together with their impact on the well-being of the region's population. The analysis seeks to explore the question as to whether the demographic transition taking place in the Latin American countries over the past 15 years has helped to narrow the long-standing gaps between different socio-economic groups' and areas' mortality and birth rates. Attention is also drawn to the magnitude of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Caribbean countries and to the reversal of its skewed gender distribution which has had a devastating impact on households and the community at large. Finally this edition looks at major changes in the health sector.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2004
The 2004 edition of the Social Panorama of Latin America analyses the major demographic changes that have occurred in the region over the past few decades examines the socioeconomic status of Latin American youth looks at institutional and programmatic guidelines for youth policies and describes how household structures and family roles have changed. As in past years recent trends in poverty and income distribution in the Latin American countries are also reviewed.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2002-2003
The 2002-2003 edition of the Social panorama of Latin America explores issues related to many of the Millennium Development Goals. Three of the five chapters (on poverty hunger and gender inequality) assess how likely it is that the countries of the region will succeed in meeting the targets in these areas agreed upon by the States Members of the United Nations for 2015.A chapter on social expenditure furnishes information on 18 Latin American countries and analyses trends in social spending over the last decade. The final chapter examines labour policy and singles out some interesting initiatives aimed at combating unemployment poor job quality and underemployment.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2001-2002
This publication explores issues related to the Millennium Development Targets and discusses whether Latin American countries may achieve the objectives unanimously adopted by members states of the United Nations for 2015.The book examines the region's ability to meet the targets for reducing extreme poverty and ensuring universal access to primary education under conditions of gender equality. Moreover it looks at Latin American countries' potential to absorb the growing supply of skilled human resources and deals with the issue of social capital in terms of its potential and the limitations of poverty reduction programmes. Numerous tables figures and boxes are included to help illustrate data.
Social Panorama of Latin America 2000–2001
The social situation in Latin America in the late 1990s was influenced by the slowdown and greater volatility of economic growth. Despite the economic recovery seen in 2000 the effects of the contraction were felt in many countries of the region. This publication devotes special attention to poverty trends and rates in the late 1990s inequality in income distribution the employment and unemployment situation the countries' progress in raising social expenditure and the distributive effects of such increases. In it's final chapter this publication reviews the Governments' agenda in relation to family issues. The analyses of each of the topics covered in the five chapters that make up the Social Panorama combine an examination of the latest trends in the main social indicators with an assessment of the trends seen throughout the 1990s.
Social Panorama of Latin America 1999-2000
What are the objective reasons why so many Latin Americans do not feel safe and see themselves as being defenceless? Does the Occupational stratification engendered by current patterns of development promote social mobility and the growth of the middle class? In an effort to answer these questions this publication examines the deterioration of conditions in the labour market. It also looks at the available means of accessing social services with emphasis on the types of public policies needed to tackle the problems of social vulnerability and poverty. It presents analysis of occupational stratification indicates what percentages of the labour force fall into high- middle- and low-income groups and explores how these phenomena are related to educational and household income levels. It also discusses how the level and coverage of pension systems affect income distribution in Latin America.
Social Panorama of Latin America 1998
The Social Panorama examines the different dynamics of economic growth and their impact on employment and income. It also analyzes the role of transfers variations in the cost of the basket of staple foods used by the poor and the household employment ration. In addition it reviews the determinants of increases in social spending and of sectoral trends and undertakes an in-depth analysis of expenditure on education and of how it is linked to teachers' pay levels and their socio-economic position. The Social Panorama also discusses the various aspects of the restructuring process in the labour market and its effects on employment levels among women and young people and on the quality of the jobs created. A special focus on child welfare discusses the progress made in meeting the year 2000 goals for children and examines such situations as: child labour and motherhood during adolescence which tend to limit the opportunities of children and adolescents.
Social Panorama of Latin America 1997
The Social Panorama of Latin America provides an annual assessment of the most salient aspects of social development in Latin America with particular emphasis on the question of equity. Among the issues it examines are poverty education the situation of children and young people gender and social expenditure. It also presents an overview of how Governments are implementing their social agendas and reviews new policy directions in various social sectors. The main emphasis of the 1997 edition of the Panorama is on the structural aspects of income and employment distribution and the intergenerational transmission of educational and work opportunities. Legislative measures taken in the past few years are reviewed as well as the steps that have been taken in the region to modernize State social institutions and the principal aspects of this new institutional structure. The Social Panorama of Latin America also presents a summary of the first Regional Conference in Follow-up to the World Summit for Social Development held in Sao Paulo in April 1997.
Social Panorama of Latin America 1996
In addition to dealing with core issues such as children and the family this publication shows trends in the early 1990s in important facets of social development such as poverty income distribution employment social expenditure education and pay levels. The analysis is complemented by numerous statistical tables.
Social Panorama of Latin America 1995
The year's edition discusses the impact of recent economic trends on poverty employment and income distribution; presents quantitative evidence on the high returns brought by investment in more and better education not only for children but their households. It also examines women's important contribution to the family income as a result of their growing participation in economic activities and discusses the emergence of new social policy proposals analyzing the main reforms being implemented in the health education and social security sectors.
Social Panorama of Latin America 1994
This third edition of the Social Panorama of Latin America is an expression of the ECLAC secretariat's continuing effort to incorporate the social dimension into the Commission's annual appraisals of regional development. The analysis presented in this edition emphasizes core issues concerning children and the family as a result of the secretariat's joint activities with the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) in order to provide up-to-date information on opportunities for access to well-being from childhood onwards.
Social Panorama of Latin America 1993
This second edition of the Social panorama of Latin America is an expression of the ECLAC secretariat's continuing efforts to incorporate the social dimension into the Commission's annual appraisals of regional development. The present report covers twice as many countries as the first and the information has been updated using the most recent figures made available to the secretariat by the countries concerned; in addition data for intervening years and for the latter part of the 1980s have been included.