تقرير أقل البلدان نمواً
UNCTAD’s Least Developed Countries Report provides a comprehensive and authoritative source of socio-economic analysis and data on the world’s most impoverished countries. The Reports are intended for a broad readership of governments, policy makers, researchers and all those involved with LDCs’ development policies. Each Report contains a statistical annex, which provides basic data on the LDCs.
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Sustainable Development Goals
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تقرير أقل اًلبلداًن نمواًً 2024
تسخير أسواق الكربون لأغراض التنمية
Policymakers in the least developed countries are under pressure to transform carbon markets into a viable pathway to deliver on the Sustainable Development Goals and low-carbon structural transformation. This begs the question of whether and how these markets can both address the unique challenges of these countries and help them to contribute to global efforts to mitigate climate change. The report highlights the outcomes of past and current participation by least developed countries in carbon markets, and identifies opportunities and risks from the emerging framework for carbon markets under the Paris Agreement. Towards the maximization of the benefits of carbon markets for LDCs, the report provides actionable recommendations for least developed country policymakers and climate negotiators, and for their development partners
تقرير أقل البلدان نمواً 2023
تمويل التنمية القادر على الصمود في وجه ا أ لأزمات
In 2023, the combined GDP of the LDCs was 10 per cent below the level it would have reached had the pre-pandemic (2010-2019) growth trend been sustained. As a result, at least an additional 15 million people in LDCs are now living in extreme poverty, with their governments severely constrained in their ability to sustain adequate investments in public services or invest in advancing development progress. The Report highlights the urgent need for concerted action to restore fiscal space in LDCs through the lasting resolution of the debt crisis, reform of the international financial architecture, and the mobilization of climate finance to enable needed investments towards low-carbon transition and green structural transformation. Without which, the SDGs and sustainable development cannot be realised. The Report advances several recommendations aimed at advancing the reform of global development finance, which in its current state, is deficient in terms of its quantity, quality, structure, cost and ease of accessibility. The Report also contains a detailed analysis of the possible role of central banks in shaping the financing of sustainable development and green structural transformation in LDCs. While the contribution of central banks to dealing with climate change has been discussed in developed countries, this is the first time this type of analysis is done in the context of the LDCs.
تقرير أقل البلدان نمواً 2022
الأنتقال إلى اقتصاد خفيض الكربون وآثاره الوخيمة على التحول الهيكلي
LDCs, which bear the least historical responsibility for climate change, are on the front lines of the climate crisis. The Report highlights the development strategies and policies which they need to enact to reach the ambitious objectives to which they have committed, and the painful trade-offs between climate action and accelerated progress towards fulfilling their right to development they will need to navigate in the challenging international economic and environmental context. Nowhere is the need for a “Just energy transition” starker than in the LDCs but the Report shows that despite this harsh reality, international support for LDC adaptation and sustainable development has fallen remarkably short of what is needed, both in terms of climate finance and of access to clean technologies. The Reports calls on the international community to be mindful of the institutional and capacity constraints that create scope for maladaptation in LDCs and to enhance targeted assistance to LDCs in line with their need for special and differential treatment.
تقرير أقل البلدان نمواً، 2021
في عالم ما بعد جائحة كوفيد: التعلم من 50 عاماً من الخبرة أقل البلدان نمواً
This publication takes stock of 50 years of development experience since the establishment of the LDC category in 1971. Most LDCs growth has been erratic, and they have not closed the income gap with other developing countries. This stems largely from the inefficacy of domestic and international policies in addressing structural impediments to structural transformation, i.e. low level of productive capacities, excessive export orientation, limited policy space, weak state capacity, technological backwardness, limited entrepreneurial development and insufficient investment in human capital formation. For the coming decade, the report proposes an overhaul of development policies and strategies in favour of initiatives that are centred on the development of productive capacities and led by a developmental state, which successfully aligns foreign agents’ dealings with LDCs to national development goals and priorities.
تقرير أقل البلدان نمواً، 2020
القدرات ا إ لنتاجية للعقد الجديد
“[This Report] highlights the importance of public investment for LDCs to address their short-term needs. It emphasizes the importance of comprehensive support for meso-level policies for productive capacity development in the context of addressing structural constraints and building the resilience of these countries. The international community should rally to the report’s call for greater solidarity and stronger international support to avert this crisis and build long-term resilience through fostering productive capacities ...” H.E. Dr. Lazarus McCarthy Chakwera, President of the Republic of Malawi.
تقريرأقل البلدان نمواً، 2019
The Present and Future of External Development Finance - Old Dependence, New Challenges
Least developed countries (LDCs) are among the world’s countries most dependent on foreign aid for the financing of their development. While this is a traditional feature of their development trajectory, it has become even more challenging in recent years for two reasons. First, the Sustainable Development Goals put requirements for additional investment and spending (especially for structural transformation) at a much higher level, and LDCs need to mobilize and manage the corresponding financing. Second, the international aid architecture has been transformed by the emergence of a large array of instruments and actors, including South-South Cooperation providers, private sector, philanthropic organizations and non-governmental organizations. This complex and changing landscape presents new challenges for the constrained policymaking capacities of LDC states in their quest for structural transformation. It requires LDC and their development partners to agree a new aid effectiveness agenda and transform the terms of their development partnership.
لعديد أقل البلدان نموأ، 2018
ريادة الآعمال لؤحداث التحؤل المكلي: بعيدأعن واقع سر الأعمال كالمعتاد
For Least Developed Countries (LDCs) to progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals, they need to transform the structure of their economy. This, in turn, requires entrepreneurship that innovates. The entrepreneurial landscape in LDCs is dominated by micro and small enterprises with low chances of survival and growth, and scant innovation. While LDCs are part of global value chains, these provide only limited opportunities of entrepreneurship development and upgrading. Most LDCs policies and programmes for entrepreneurship aim at job creation, poverty reduction and women and youth empowerment. For entrepreneurship to be a driving force towards structural transformation, policies need to target and support high-potential firms.
