No Poverty

The 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals set the world on the path of sustainable development and give international trade an important role to play in this journey: “International trade is an engine for inclusive economic growth and poverty reduction, [which] contributes to the promotion of sustainable development” (Paragraph 68, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development) How can international trade become a driving force for a development as sustainable as it is inclusive, ensuring that no one is left behind? How can it respond to the growing demand for production, exchange and consumption patterns that are both environmentally and socially sustainable, as well as economically profitable? To help developing countries build their capacity to achieve sustainable and inclusive growth through trade, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) has examined ways for fostering green exports via the exploitation of voluntary sustainability standards (VSS). VSS are norms and standards to ensure that a product is produced, processed or transported sustainably in terms of, e.g. respect for human rights, decent working conditions, gender equality or environmental protection, with a view to achieving environmental, social and economic objectives. Certification is one of the many VSS tools used by producers and organic standard is the most widely applied VSS in the agricultural sector. To this end, UNCTAD has worked with three countries in the Asia-Pacific Region (Lao PDR, the Philippines and Vanuatu) and developed an approach, which is ready-to-use, streamlined and adaptable to local specificities.This portfolio presents the main outcomes of this development account project, including the approach and tools developed in its framework:• An introduction to green exports and VSS: opportunities and challenges for developing countries • UNCTAD's approach and tools to build countries' capacity to foster green exports through VSS • The country case study of Vanuatu • The country case study of the Philippines • The country case study of Lao People's Democratic Republic

This second Innocenti Report Card focuses on child death by injury in the member countries of the OECD. It presents, for the first time, a standardized league table ranking 26 of the world’s richest nations according to their injury death rates for children aged 1 to 14. Even though child injury death rates have been falling for more than two decades, it would be wrong to conclude that the problem is simply going away. International comparisons in this publication dramatically demonstrate that most countries still have a long way to go. It is hoped that this report will be a cause for a policy change leading to further reductions in child injuries.

This publication provides the most comprehensive estimates so far of child poverty across the 23 member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the world’s wealthiest nations. It highlights the fact that despite a doubling of national incomes in most OECD nations since 1950, a significant percentage of their children are still living in families so materially poor that normal health and growth are at risk. By comparing data from different countries, the publication asks what can be learned about the causes of child poverty and examines the policies that have contributed to the success of lower rates in some countries. In particular, it seeks to explain the situation by exploring the impact on poverty rates of single parenthood, unemployment, low wages and levels of social expenditures. This publication is the first in a series of Innocenti Report Cards on the situation of children in industrialized countries.

This publication presents the most up-to-date and comprehensive survey on teenage birth rates in the industrialized world. It attempts to analyze why some countries have teenage birth rates that are as much as ten or even fifteen times higher than others.

The Report offers new insights into the nature and magnitude of the pressing social problems and the national and international policies required to address them. It examines the core social issues of poverty alleviation, productive employment and social integration covering concepts and quantitative indicators, as well as policies and strategies.

The UNCITRAL Practice Guide to the Model Law on Secured Transactions provides practical guidance to parties involved in secured transactions in States that enact the Model Law. The Practice Guide explains key features and benefits of the Model Law, illustrates the types of secured transactions that can be undertaken under the Model Law, and provides step-by-step explanations of how to engage in the most common and commercially important secured transactions. The Practice Guide is for readers who wish to understand transactions governed by, and in many cases made possible by, the Model Law. It provides guidance to creditors and debtors on how to engage in several common types of secured transactions, to others whose rights may be affected by a secured transaction, and to regulated financial institutions and prudential regulatory authorities.

This publication was first launched in 1967. Over the past 50 years, the handbook has evolved to incorporate new statistics and ensure that readers have access to the best possible information available. This edition continues in this tradition and introduces 'nowcasted' estimates for total merchandised trade, total services trade and GDP on a worldwide basis.

The newest edition of the UNFP flagship report offers a wide range of insights on the impact that teenage pregnancies can have on the health of young girls, their education and their lives. In this publication, a certain number of necessary recommendations are made, more precisely actions that governments, civil society and international organizations can take to address the underlying causes of adolescent pregnancy in various contexts around the world.

La planification familiale est un droit. On dénombre néanmoins dans les pays en développement 222 millions de femmes qui n’ont toujours pas accès à la contraception et qui se trouvent donc exposées aux risques de grossesses non planifiées. Le rapport sur l’État de la population mondiale 2012 explique pourquoi la planification mondiale est un droit et décrit les modalités selon lesquelles elle renforce d’autres droits tels que le droit à la santé et le droit à l’éducation. Il documente également les avantages économiques et sociaux qui échoient aux ménages, aux communautés et aux pays tout entiers lorsque les femmes, les hommes et les jeunes exercent leur droit à la planification familiale.

El Estado de la Población Mundial es un informe anual publicado por el Fondo de Población de las Naciones Unidas (UNFPA). Cada edición cubre y analiza los desarrollos y las tendencias de la población mundial y la demografía, y hace énfasis en regiones específicas, países y grupos de población y los desafíos únicos que enfrentan.

The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) - Innocenti Research Centre Report Card series provokes debate on child well-being in wealthy countries. It provides an important tool to address critical issues affecting disadvantaged children in the industrialized world. Since 2000, the Centre has released nine issues of the series, each addressing different aspects of the living conditions of children and adolescents. All the Report Cards are built around a league table, ranking countries according to their performance on a key child indicator or group of indicators. This issue investigates poverty and vulnerability among children in rich countries.

Exploitation of natural resources has dominated economic activity in Africa but the benefits have accrued only to a privileged few. The continent’s most common strategy of exporting commodities in their raw (non-valued added) form has led to disappointing results, reflected in unsustainable and non-inclusive economic growth, marginal improvements in the well-being of the population, and low levels of economic diversification and transformation. This edition examines efforts to improve the governance of Africa’s abundant natural resources, emphasizing the need to strengthen natural resource governance institutions and frameworks to enhance domestic revenue, the promotion of economic diversification, and structural transformation.

This study provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of the forest sector workforce in the UNECE region. It analyzes working conditions and occupational safety and health as well as the economic and social contexts that have led to structural changes in the sector, to the extent possible, through statistical data available at the regional level.. It links the statistics to wider research, conducted in a range of disciplines and contexts, which shed light on the causes of, and experiences with the changes in the sector and possible ways to make the forest sector more future-proof.

La présente étude recense et évalue les réserves palestiniennes existantes et potentielles de pétrole et de gaz naturel qui pourraient être exploitées au profit des Palestiniens, mais qu'Israël les empêche de mettre en valeur ou exploite pour son propre compte au mépris du droit international.

The largest generation of adolescents in history —1.2 billion kids—is preparing to enter adulthood in a rapidly changing world. This State of World Population Report examines the challenges and risks this generation faces and their impact on adolescents’ physical, emotional, and mental well-being. The Report focuses on HIV/AIDS, incomplete education, early marriage and child bearing; it stresses the need for youth to have more access to knowledge, increased opportunities, and wider choices so as to lead healthy and productive lives and to contribute fully to their communities. A wealth of statistics, graphs, indicators, and thorough analyses are included in the Report.

In addition to the usual review of the recent world food and agriculture situation, each issue of The State of Food and Agriculture from 1957 has included one or more special studies of problems of longer-term interest. This year’s edition is the mid-decade review of food and agriculture.

Migration is an expanding global reality, one that allows millions of people to seek new opportunities. But it also involves challenges for migrants and for societies, both in areas of origin and of destination. This report analyses migratory flows – internal and international – and how they are linked to processes of economic development, demographic change, and natural-resource pressure. The focus is on rural migration, the many forms it takes and the important role it plays in both developing and developed countries. The report investigates the drivers and impacts of rural migration and highlights how related policy priorities depend on country contexts that are in continuous evolution. These priorities will be different for countries in protracted crises, countries where rural youth employment is a challenge, countries in economic and demographic transition, and developed countries in need of migrant workers, not least to support agriculture and rural economies.

The State of Food and Agriculture 2007 explores the potential for agriculture to provide enhanced levels of environmental services alongside the production of food and fibre. The report concludes that demand for environmental services from agriculture – including climate change mitigation, improved watershed management and biodiversity preservation – will increase in the future, but better incentives to farmers are needed if agriculture is to meet this demand.

Attacking poverty directly has become an urgent global priority if we want to accelerate development and reduce inequality within and among nations. World leaders have agreed to launch a variety of new initiatives, including the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). 2002 State of the World Population report is a contribution to the discussion and a guide to action. It reviews poverty’s many dimensions and looks at several the key issues, including poverty and gender, poverty and health, and education and poverty. It also outlines a framework and provides recommendations to meet the poverty eradication goal by 2015.This publication includes analyses, recommendations, and a wealth of statistics, graphs, and indicators.

This study is part of a series of UNCTAD publications that focus on policies in three countries, Guatemala, Vanuatu and Malawi, aimed at upgrading and diversifying specific agricultural sectors of rural economies in developing countries with a view to raising living standards among small-scale farmers in a context of female empowerment and food security and above all, sustainable development. The study analyses three agricultural sectors in Guatemala – potato, cocoa and cardamom - in terms of opportunities derived from trade of primary and processed products. The focus is on the growing trend among consumers in high income countries for artisanal, fair-trade, organically grown, single-origin products that allow niche market penetration by integrating into their traded products a narrative on the history and lives of local farming communities where the primary product is cultivated. The study bears in mind the heavy costs to implement Voluntary Sustainable Standards, internationally-accepted certification systems, or consumer-driven specific standards set by retailers, looking at domestic sales opportunities, for example within Guatemala’s growing tourism sector, which also allows farmers to hedge against price fluctuations in international markets. According to the study’s sustainability analysis, the strategies presented are aligned with sustainable development goals, integrating environmental, social welfare, gender equality, a more equitable distribution of income, and, more diversified income opportunities. Outcomes are expected to be positive overall, but the study nevertheless advises care in implementation to minimise any unforeseen and potentially negative long-term impacts, for example on issues such as staple food production. It further cautions on possible perverse consequences whereby, without successfully integrating small-scale farmers in the product value-chain, the strategies’ principal beneficiaries may rather be intermediaries. This report concludes with a set of recommended sustainable development policies that take into account food security and the importance of agriculture not only for small-scale farmers but for Guatemala’s economy as a whole.

In addition to the usual review of the recent world food and agriculture situation, each issue of The State of Food and Agriculture from 1957 has included one or more special studies of problems of longer-term interest. This year's edition focuses on raising agricultural productivity in developing countries, as well as improved storage and its contribution to world food supplies.

In addition to the usual review of the recent world food and agriculture situation, each issue of The State of Food and Agriculture from 1957 has included one or more special studies of problems of longer-term interest. This year’s edition focuses on problems and strategies in developing regions.

La urbanización—el aumento de la proporción de población que reside en ciudades en relación a la población total—es inevitable. Sin embargo, afirman los autores de este informe, esto podría considerarse como “un hecho positivo”. El informe Estado de la Población Mundial 2007 afirma que, si bien los nuevos residentes urbanos serán, en su mayoría, pobres, estos pueden ser parte de la solución. Al ayudar a los residentes urbanos a satisfacer sus necesidades—de vivienda, servicios de salud y educación, y empleo—también podría liberarse su potencial de impulso al crecimiento económico.

L’état de la population mondiale est un rapport annuel publié par le Fonds des Nations Unies pour la population (FNUAP). Chaque édition couvre et analyse les évolutions et les tendances de la population mondiale et de la démographie et approfondit la recherche concernant les régions, les pays et des groupes de population spécifiques. Le rapport se penche également sur les défis particuliers auxquels ces groupes peuvent être confrontés.

Despite the tremendous changes of the 20th century, discrimination and violence against women and girls remain firmly rooted in cultures around the world. This year’s Report looks at the gender inequality - the restrictions placed on women’s reproductive choices and how it affects their health, education, social and economic participation. The publication also explores women’s rights as human rights, gender violence and the role of men in reproductive health decisions. The Report acknowledges the role of governments in creating conditions for gender equality, but points out that in the end, different societies need their own solutions to provide a better life for both women and men. This annual also provides easily accessible tables and data representing trends and statistics for world population.