Democracy and Governance
عناصر الاستراتيجية الانتقالية الخاصة باليمن
يتناول هذا الجزء من التقرير اليمن في الفترة التي تلي وقف القتالم ب ا ش رة ، وذلك بهدف وضع خريطة طريق لسياسات إعادة تأهيل مؤسسات الدولة وإصلاحها، وبناء مجتمع سلمي وشامل ومؤسسات تخضع للمساءلة. كذلك يهدف هذا الجزء من التقرير إلى وضع رؤية يمكن لصانعي القرار والجهات المعنية تنفيذها في عملية التطوير المؤسسي لبناء الدولة في مرحلةم اب ع دا ل ح رب.
Monitoring institutional development
There are two possible ways of monitoring institutional reform and development: by directly documenting changes in the characteristics of institutions, and by indirectly measuring any subsequent changes in political, social and economic outcomes.
Acknowledgements
The present report was undertaken by a research team at the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) led by the Chief of the Governance and State-building Section, Youness Abouyoub, and comprising Youssef Chaitani, Joaquin Salido Marcos, Redounae Taouil, Dalia Ghanem-Yazbeck, Mounir Mahmalat, Anas Bouhlal, Mona el-Zoghbi, Florence Gaub, Vera Chiodi, and Theocharis Grigoriadis. Research assistants and interns involved in the preparation of the report were Angela Lonqueu-Timmermans, Chermaine Tay, Haygo Arakelian, Juliana Alzate Espinoza, and Nicki Siamaki.
Conflict prevention: the context of the Arab region
Conflict is a major obstacle impeding development, and it should take centre stage for the realization of the 2030 Agenda. Conflict and political unrest have halted or reversed the development progress made in previous decades in the Arab region. They impact all aspects of development, increasing poverty, hunger and malnutrition, limiting access to education and other basic services and increasing social discrimination and exclusion. These immediate effects have severe long-term consequences for human development. The Arab region faces chronic institutional challenges in terms of structure, financing and capabilities. This makes public institutions unable to respond to the needs and expectations of citizens. The inclusion of a specific goal in the 2030 Agenda, namely SDG 16, to promote peaceful and inclusive societies is of great significance as it marks the awareness that peace and security are critical for poverty eradication and sustainable development. Ending conflict should be at the forefront of efforts to achieve the 2030 Agenda. SDG 16 broadens the scope of peace and security and their nexus with development, moving from the traditional approach of ending wars and reducing violence towards the focus on potential drivers for conflict. This holistic approach demands an integrated response that deals not only with the outcomes and challenges of conflict or post-conflict situations but also with the causes that generated armed conflict in the first place.
Conclusion: post-war risks in the Arab region and policy implications
A recent UNESCWA study analysed all 109 post-war episodes since 1970 to identify risk factors for a war relapse. The study drew on the large quantitative literature on civil war and post-war recovery, including work from the Uppsala Conflict Data Program, the Peace Research Institute Oslo, the Polity IV project, and the World Bank.
Introduction
Following the Arab uprisings, citizens recognized that their problems stemmed from inextricably intertwined socioeconomic and political factors. Similar to other transitions across the world, the Arab uprisings sent the following strong message: the root causes of poverty and marginalization in all countries are comparable and usually only take on different shapes and dynamics based on specific contexts and sociopolitical attributes.
Ingredients of peacebuilding
As argued in chapter 1, conflict has the potential to destroy development gains and compromise the livelihood of the affected population for generations.
النزاع والمؤسسات والحوكمة في المنطقة العربية
يقدم هذا الفصل لمحة عامة عن وضع المؤسسات الأمنية والإدارية والقضائية والسياسية في المنطقة العربية، ويركز على البلدان المتضررة حالياً من النزاعات المسلحة.
منع نشوب النزاعات حالة المنطقة العربية
يمثل النّ زاع عقبة رئيسية أمام السّير بركب التنمية، وينبغي أن يكون في صلب تنفيذ خطة عام 2030. فقد ّ دم الذي أحرزته التنمية في العقود السابقة فيأدّ ت النزاعاتوالاضطرابات السياسية إلى توقف مسار التقالمنطقة العربية، إن لم يكن إلى عكس مسارها.
Conclusion
‘The war against want requires to be carried on with unrelenting vigor within each nation, and by continuous and concerted international effort in which the representatives of workers and employers, enjoying equal status with those of governments, join with them in free discussion and democratic decision with a view to the promotion of the common welfare.’
Conclusions and policy implications
Conflict is “development in reverse”, a negative event that can set back years of progress in all spheres of sustainable development and affect a country’s population for generations.
Foreword
The Arab Vision 2045 embodies hope for a bright future in which the aspirations of peoples in the Arab region are realized, both individually and collectively.
Cultural and intellectual renewal
Cultural renewal is the Arab region’s gateway to preserving and evolving its cultural identity in a way that supports progress and revitalizes its rich, diverse heritage.
بناء المؤسسات بعد النزاع: الدروس الم ستخلصة
يستعرض هذا الفصل ما نجح وما فشل فيحالات سابقة من إعادة بناء القطاع الأمني ومسارات الحوار الوطني ومحاربة الفساد، وذلكمن أجل توجيه صانعي القرارات بشأن بناء المؤسسات في ليبيا واليمن. وينظر الفصل في الدراسات الصادرةح د ي ثاعن إصلاح القطاع الأمني باعتبار أن النجاح في عملية إعادة الإعمار ما بعد النزاع مرتبط بوجود بيئة آمنة.
مسرد المصطلحات
خطة التنمية المستدامة لعام 2030: قرار اعتمدته الجمعية العامة للأمم المتّ حدة في 25 أيلول/ سبتمبر 2015 "لتعزيز السلام العالمي" من خلال "القضاء على الفقر بجميع أشكاله وأبعاده"، من بين أهداف أخرى متعلقة بالتنمية.
العالم يطلق خطة إنمائية جديدة والمنطقة العربية في نزاع
الحرب الجارية في الجمهورية العربية السورية دليل قاطع على الخسائر الكارثية التي يلحقها النزاع المسلح بالتنمية.