Drugs Crime and Terrorism
Acknowledgements
The third edition of the World Wildlife Crime Report was prepared by the Research and Trend Analysis Branch Division for Policy Analysis and Public Affairs United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime under the supervision of Jean-Luc Lemahieu Director of the Division for Policy Analysis and Public Affairs and Angela Me Chief of the Research and Trend Analysis Branch.
Preface
I am pleased to present the third edition of UNODC’s World Wildlife Crime Report which aims to provide a tool to assess and improve responses to this hugely damaging form of criminal activity. The present report covers trends in the illicit wildlife trade analyses harms and impacts probes driving factors and takes stock of responses.
Summary, conclusions & policy implications
This third edition of the World Wildlife Crime Report like its predecessors published in 2016 and 2020 probes trends in the illicit trafficking of protected wildlife species. It also presents systematic analyses of wildlife crime harms and impacts probes the factors driving wildlife trafficking trends and takes stock of current knowledge about the effectiveness of the different types of intervention being pursued to resolve this problem.
What works?
Policy makers regulatory and enforcement agencies and funding institutions have good reason to seek insights into which interventions are effective in decreasing wildlife crime and in what contexts success has been achieved. Such knowledge can inform decisions about which interventions to fund or implement and which policies to pursue.
Impacts and harms
The preceding chapter of this report provides insights based on seizure data into contemporary patterns and trends in wildlife trafficking and considers evidence of the nature of related criminal activities. This current chapter takes stock of the types of harms that can result from wildlife crime. Such analysis was not a feature of the first two editions of the World Wildlife Crime Report but is included here as better understanding of these harms can shape perceptions of wildlife crime’s significance and inform both policy responses and prioritization of actions.
Drivers
The driving forces behind wildlife crime are a complex interplay of motivations and influences from economic incentives to socio-cultural dynamics. This chapter attempts to shed light on the diverse drivers shaping the patterns and trends of criminality connected with wildlife trafficking. Better understanding of these factors can inform the design and refinement of remedial interventions.
Introduction
This third edition of the World Wildlife Crime Report probes recent trends in the illicit trafficking of protected species of wild fauna and flora and provides a broad assessment of current knowledge about the causes and implications of associated crime at a global level.
World Wildlife Crime Report 2024
Trafficking in Protected Species
This third edition of UNODC’s quadrennial World Wildlife Crime Report aims to provide a tool to assess and improve responses to this hugely damaging form of criminal activity. The present report covers trends in the illicit wildlife trade analyses harms and impacts probes driving factors and takes stock of responses. Wildlife crimes are diverse and often devastating in their impact and consequences. They hamper conservation efforts damage ecosystems and contribute to undermining our planet’s capacity to mitigate climate change. They also infringe on the essential needs income opportunities and cultural rights of local communities and corrode governance and the rule of law. Global recognition of this damage has grown steadily and after two decades of concerted action there is some cause for optimism. There has been tangible success against trafficking of some iconic species while cross-border cooperation and criminalization of wildlife crime have both improved.
伯克利数字开源调查协议
关于有效利用数字开源信息调查违反国际刑法、人权法和人道主义法行为的实用指南
The Berkeley Protocol on Digital Open Source Investigations: A Practical Guide on the Effective Use of Digital Open Source Information in International Human Rights Humanitarian Law and Criminal Investigations. The Berkeley Protocol on Digital Open Source Investigations identifies international standards for conducting online research of alleged violations of international criminal human rights and humanitarian law. It provides guidance on methodologies and procedures for gathering analyzing and preserving digital information in a professional legal and ethical manner. The Protocol sets out measures that online investigators can and should take to protect the digital physical and psychosocial safety of themselves and others including witnesses victims and first responders (such as citizens activists and journalists) who risk their own wellbeing to document war crimes and human rights violations so that those who are responsible are brought to justice.
前言
自1990 年代初以来,数字工具和互联网,如 同之前的照相机和电话一样,彻底改变了我 们获取、收集和传播有关侵犯人权和其他严 重违反国际法行为的信息,包括国际犯罪的 信息。
执行摘要
开源调查是指全部或部分依靠可公开获得的 信息,对涉嫌的不法行为进行正式和系统的 在线调查。今天,大量可公开获取的信息可 以通过互联网获取,快速演变的数据场景带 来了新的信息类型和来源,有助于调查涉嫌 侵犯人权和严重国际罪行。调查此类指控的 能力对于无法及时进入犯罪现场的调查人 员特别有价值, 这种情况在国际调查中很 常见。