Stupéfiants, crime et terrorisme

This study offers a comparative analysis of 42 countries, examining common trends among causes leading to illicit cross-border money transfers. Its findings support existing theoretical frameworks on the key drivers of illicit financial flows. Our analysis has identified that most countries that experience large transfers to offshore bank accounts are characterized by weak regulatory systems: i.e., shortcomings in the institutional capacities to detect, monitor and prosecute illicit financial flows are the primary drivers behind tax evasion. The growing availability of macroeconomic and governance data on developing countries provides avenues for more detailed research on illicit financial flows in the future. As alternative methodologies for measuring these flows become more sophisticated, there is both a pressing need and a huge potential for the advancement of a research agenda focusing on illicit cross-border money flows.

Le présent répertoire contient une liste de toutes les autorités nationales habilitées à délivrer des certificats et des autorisations pour l’importation et l’exportation de stupéfiants et desubstances psychotropes, conformément aux dispositions de l’article 18 de la Convention unique sur les stupéfiants de 1961 et de l’article 16 de la Convention de 1971 sur les substances psychotropes. Cette liste est publiée en application des Conventions de 1961 et de 1971, conformément à la pratique établie après l’entrée en vigueur de la Convention pour limiter la fabrication et réglementer la distribution des stupéfiants de 1931 qui a été placée sous l’égide de l’Organisation des Nations Unies par le Protocole de 1946 amendant cette dernière convention. Cette liste a été établie à partir des données communiquées au Secrétaire général dans les rapports annuels sur le fonctionnement des traités internationaux concernant le contrôle des drogues envoyés par les États parties ou non parties auxdits traités. Les autorités répertoriées au titre de l’article 18 ne sont habilitées qu’à délivrer des autorisations d’importation et d’exportation pour les stupéfiants. Les autorités répertoriées au titre de l’article 16 ne sont habilitées qu’à délivrer des autorisations d’importation et d’exportation pour les substances psychotropes. Les autorités répertoriées au titre des articles 18 et 16 sont habilitées à délivrer des autorisations d’importation et d’exportation pour les stupéfiants et pour les substances psychotropes. L’absence de référence à un article de ces conventions avant le nom d’une autorité figurant dans ce répertoire signifie que le gouvernement n’a pas précisé le mandat de l’autorité en question. S’il n’y a pas d’adresse de contact pour un pays, territoire ou zone dans la liste des autorités nationales compétentes au titre de l’article 18 de la Convention unique sur les stupéfiants de 1961 et de l’article 16 de la Convention de 1971 sur les substances psychotropes figurant dans la présente publication, il se peut que la liste des autorités nationales compétentes au titre de l’article 12 de la Convention des Nations Unies contre le trafic illicite de stupéfiants et de substances psychotropes de 1988 contienne une adresse utilisable pour ce même pays, territoire ou zone.

This issue of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime journal Forum on Crime and Society focuses on wildlife crime. It contains articles by a range of researchers and academics with experience in the subject. Forum on Crime and Society is issued by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), based in Vienna. It presents policy-oriented articles on issues related to crime prevention and criminal justice, focusing on trends and practices in the field of criminal justice that are of special significance to the international community.

The overall purpose of this checklist is to assist Member States in conducting internal or administrative inspections to assess compliance of their national prison systems with the Nelson Mandela Rules, and thus to facilitate the practical application of the Rules at national level. More specifically, it aims to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of internal inspection systems conducted by the central prison administration as important agents of change now explicitly referred to in the Rules in their task of contributing to the creation of prison conditions and management in line with national law as well as with international standards and norms.

The preamble of the Single Convention of 1961 highlights the concern of States for the health and welfare of humankind. This fundamental assertion is followed by the recognition of the medical use of narcotic drugs and their indispensable role in the relief of pain for which countries needed to ensure the availability and to make adequate provision. These principles were reaffirmed in the Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971 in which it was added that, while it was necessary to restrict the use of controlled substances to legitimate purposes, their availability should not have been unduly restricted. After almost sixty years since that official proclamation, the goal of ensuring availability is still elusive in many countries where people still suffer or die in pain or do not have access to the medications they need. The imbalance in the availability of opioid analgesics is particularly worrying as the data show that many of the conditions requiring pain management, particularly cancer, are prevalent and increasing in low- and middle-income countries.

The preamble of the Single Convention of 1961 highlights the concern of States for the health and welfare of humankind. This fundamental assertion is followed by the recognition of the medical use of narcotic drugs and their indispensable role in the relief of pain for which countries needed to ensure the availability and to make adequate provision. These principles were reaffirmed in the Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971 in which it was added that, while it was necessary to restrict the use of controlled substances to legitimate purposes, their availability should not have been unduly restricted. After almost sixty years since that official proclamation, the goal of ensuring availability is still elusive in many countries where people still suffer or die in pain or do not have access to the medications they need. The imbalance in the availability of opioid analgesics is particularly worrying as the data show that many of the conditions requiring pain management, particularly cancer, are prevalent and increasing in low- and middle-income countries.

In order to prepare the World Drug Report, UNODC relies on Member States to provide data, primarily through the Annual Reports Questionnaire (ARQ). The ARQ was distributed to 192 Member States, and UNODC received 110 replies to the drug abuse section and 114 replies to the illicit supply of drugs section from Member States (and territories). In general, most countries’ ability to provide information on illicit drug supply is significantly better than their ability to provide demand-related data. Despite commendable progress, for example in the area of prevalence estimates, far more remains to be done to provide a solid, reliable basis for trend and policy analysis. The report includes in-depth and cross-sectoral analyses of transnational drug markets (chapter 1) as well as the latest statistical data and trends regarding the world drug situation (chapter 2). This year, the report also discusses the impact of transnational drug trafficking on transit countries (chapter 3).

The World Drug Report 2016, which provides a comprehensive overview of major developments in drug markets, trafficking routes and the health impact of drug use, supports comprehensive, balanced and integrated rights-based approaches. This year’s report offers insight into the wide-ranging impact of drugs not only on the health and well-being of individuals, but also on the people around them — families and communities. This can include such harms as HIV, as well as the threat of violence, faced in particular by women and children. It looks at issues of gender, marginalization, stigmatization, violence and human rights, and considers how counter-narcotics strategies can be sensitive to environmental concerns such as deforestation and pollution. It examines the use of the “dark net” and new technologies for drug trafficking, as well as the potential of illicit drug profits to fund terrorism and violent extremism. This report, as ith all of the Office’s expertise and on-the-ground experience in addressing the many aspects of the world drug problem, is at the disposal of Member States as they strive to meet this call to action.

The World Drug Report presents a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in drug markets. It covers production, trafficking, consumption and related health consequences. Chapter 1 of this year’s report examines the global situation and the latest trends in the different drug markets and the extent of illicit drug use, as well as the related health impact. Chapter 2 addresses the phenomenon of new psychoactive substances (NPS), which can have deadly consequences for their users but are hard to control, with dynamic, fastmutating producers and “product lines” which have emerged over the past decade.

The World Drug Report provides an annual overview of the major developments in drug markets for the various drug categories, ranging from production to trafficking, including development of new routes and modalities, as well as consumption. Chapter 1 of the World Drug Report 2014 provides a global overview of the latest developments with respect to opiates, cocaine, cannabis and amphetamines (including “ecstasy”) and the health impact of drug use. Chapter 2 zeroes in on the control of precursor chemicals used in the manufacture of illicit drugs.

The World Drug Report provides an annual overview of the major developments in drug markets for the various drug categories, ranging from production to trafficking, including development of new routes and modalities, as well as consumption. Chapter 1 of the World Drug Report 2014 provides a global overview of the latest developments with respect to opiates, cocaine, cannabis and amphetamines (including “ecstasy”) and the health impact of drug use. Chapter 2 zeroes in on the control of precursor chemicals used in the manufacture of illicit drugs.

Prepared by the Board, this annual report presents an analysis of the information at its disposal and, in appropriate cases, an account of the explanations, if any, given by or required of Parties, together with any observations and recommendations which the Board desires to make. This report is submitted to the Economic and Social Council through the Commission, which may make such comments as it sees fit.

The World Drug Report provides an annual overview of recent developments for various drug categories. Chapter one of the World Drug Report 2015 provides a global overview of the latest developments with respect to opiates, cocaine, cannabis and synthetic drugs, ranging from production to trafficking as well as consumption and the health impact of drug use. Chapter two focuses on Alternative Development, its relation to illicit cultivation, and also within the broader context of the development agenda.

Preparado por la Junta, este informe anual presenta un análisis de la información a su disposición y, en los casos apropiados, una explicación de las explicaciones, si las hubiere, dadas o requeridas por las Partes, junto con cualquier observación y recomendación que la Junta desee hacer. Este informe se presenta al Consejo Económico y Social a través de la Comisión, que puede hacer los comentarios que considere oportunos.

This issue of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime journal Forum on Crime and Society focuses on wildlife crime. It contains articles by a range of researchers and academics with experience in the subject. Forum on Crime and Society is issued by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), based in Vienna. It presents policy-oriented articles on issues related to crime prevention and criminal justice, focusing on trends and practices in the field of criminal justice that are of special significance to the international community.