الزراعة والتنمية الريفية والغابات
Sustainability Science
A Multidisciplinary Approach
Green Growth Indicators
A Practical Approach for Asia and the Pacific
The conventional “grow first, clean up later” approaches to economic growth are increasingly placing the futures of regional economies and societies at risk. The forward-thinking policymaker is tasked to promote development based on eco-efficient economic growth and at the same time, record more inclusive gains in human welfare and socio-economic progress. In order to assist policymakers in responding to such challenges, ESCAP’s “Greening of economic growth” series provides quick access to easy-to-read guidance to specific policy tools.
Human Cost of Disasters
An Overview of the Last 20 Years 2000-2019
The last twenty years has seen the number of major floods more than double, from 1,389 to 3,254, while the incidence of storms grew from 1,457 to 2,034. Floods and storms were the most prevalent events. The report “The Human Cost of Disasters 2000-2019” also records major increases in other categories including drought, wildfires and extreme temperature events. There has also been a rise in geo-physical events including earthquakes and tsunamis which have killed more people than any of the other natural hazards under review in this report.
Mainstreaming Climate-Related Disaster Risk Reduction in Agriculture and Food Sectors in Eastern Africa
Analytical Report
The eastern Africa sub-region has recurrently experienced climate-induced food insecurity crises. Their magnitude and frequency have been rising. To illustrate, the number of people affected by droughts has been multiplied seven folds, between the 1980 average decadal baseline and 2011. Floods and landslides also present rising impacts. To address the issues, countries have set up institutions for disaster risk management (DRM). However, prevailing hindrances affect their effectiveness. This report thus recommends seven main priority intervention aspects for climate resilient agriculture and food sectors in the sub-region: (1) making early warning effective for early action in agriculture; (2) addressing population dynamics and constraints on natural resources; (3) developing risk-informed sector-specific DRM plans; (4) financial resource allocation and mobilization; (5) linking the development and humanitarian efforts; (6) transcending socio-cultural barriers; and (7) agro-ecologically appropriate infrastructure development and technology transfer. Otherwise, the magnitude of climate-induced food crises will escalate to unbearable levels.
The Aarhus convention
An implementation guide
Best Policy Practices for Promoting Energy Efficiency
A Structured Framework of Best Practices in Policies to Promote Energy Efficiency for Climate Change Mitigation and Sustainable Development
This is the second edition of the Best Policy Practices for Promoting Energy Efficiency publication prepared in the framework of the United Nations Development Account project “Promoting Energy Efficiency Investments for Climate Change Mitigation and Sustainable Development”. It provides additional exemplars of the best policy practices for promoting energy efficiency in UNECE region and beyond. The objective of the publication is to present a structured framework of policies and measures to promote energy efficiency investments for climate change mitigation and sustainable development, as well as to develop a menu of energy efficiency policies and measures.
Best Policy Practices for Promoting Energy Efficiency
A Structured Framework of Best Practices in Policies to Promote Energy Efficiency for Climate Change Mitigation and Sustainable Development
Plastic in Cosmetics
Are We Polluting the Environment through our Personal Care? Plastic Ingredients that Contribute to Marine Microplastic Litter
Litter is found in all the world’s seas and the ocean, even in remote areas far from human activities. The continuous growth in the amount of solid waste thrown away and the very slow degradation rate of most litter items result in the accumulation of marine litter at sea, on the sea floor and in coastal areas. Marine litter2 is a major global environmental problem which the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has been actively addressing through the Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-based Activities (GPA) as well as the Regional Seas Conventions and Action Plans. This paper addresses the questions on plastic materials being used as PCCP ingredients, as well as which ingredients are relevant for the marine litter debate. It also aims to introduce an emerging marine litter-related issue for further discussion and possible action by stakeholders.
Руководство по наилучшей практике эффективной дегазации источников метановыделения и утилизации метана на угольных шахтах
Coal mines are not only a safety management challenge but also a major source of greenhouse gas emissions. Methane release during coal mining creates unsafe working conditions in underground coal mines around the world. This Guidance is intended to provide a genuine contribution to improve mine safety practices at active underground coal mines, by supporting safer mining practices to reduce fatalities, injuries, and property losses, while encouraging the use of coal mine methane (CMM) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and utilize otherwise —wasted energy resources.
Руководство по осуществлению конвенции еэк оон о трансграничном воздействии промышленных аварий для стран центральной азии
Implementation Guide on key requirements of the UNECE Convention on the Transboundary Effects of Industrial Accidents in order to facilitate the understanding and implementation of the Convention’s provisions, notably by Central Asian countries and other countries with economies in transition.
World Economic and Social Survey 2016
Climate Change Resilience - An Opportunity for Reducing Inequalities
La situation des marchés des produits agricoles 2018
Commerce agricole, changement climatique et sécurité alimentaire
La présente édition de La situation des marchés des produits agricoles s’intéresse à cette zone complexe et peu étudiée où se croisent le commerce agricole, le changement climatique et la sécurité alimentaire. Elle offre une contribution importante aux débats d’orientation sur l’atténuation du changement climatique et l’adaptation à ses effets dans le cadre de l’Accord de Paris et des règles multilatérales applicables aux échanges agricoles. Elle étudie les politiques — tant les mesures de soutien interne que les mesures commerciales — qui peuvent favoriser la sécurité alimentaire, l’adaptation et l’atténuation, et renforcer les moyens d’existence des petits exploitants familiaux partout dans le monde. Étant donné que le changement climatique peut avoir des effets à évolution lente comme à évolution rapide, il convient d’examiner plus avant, au sein des instances internationales, les mesures susceptibles de contribuer de manière significative à son atténuation et à l’adaptation à ses effets, en faisant en sorte de renforcer la complémentarité entre règles commerciales et interventions climatiques.
Commodities and Development Report 2019
Commodity Dependence, Climate Change and the Paris Agreement
This report explores key aspects of the two-way relationship between commodities and climate change, discusses the concept of natural resource conversion and explores its application to renewable and non-renewable resources. In addition, it analyses the challenges and opportunities posed by climate change and the Paris Agreement to commodity-dependent developing countries, and discusses commodity-sector strategies in a changing climate. The report concludes with policy recommendations.
Good Practice Recommendations on the Application of the Convention to Nuclear Energy-related Activities
Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context (Espoo Convention)
The Good Practice Recommendations on the Application of the Convention to Nuclear Energy-related Activities describe existing good practice on the application of transboundary environmental impact assessment (EIA) procedures in the field of nuclear energy. Their objective is to facilitate the exchange of information and assist countries in the consistent practical application of the Convention by illustrating good practice and sharing experiences. The Meeting of the Parties to the Convention endorsed the Good Practice Recommendations at its seventh session (Minsk, 13-16 June 2017). The Convention sets out the obligations to assess the environmental impact of certain activities at an early stage of decision making. It also lays down the general obligation for parties to notify and consult each other on all major projects under consideration that are likely to have a significant adverse environmental impact across national borders. The purpose is to enhance international cooperation and allow environmentally sound decisions to be made, paying careful attention to minimising significant adverse impacts, particularly in a transboundary context.
Recommandations sur les bonnes pratiques relatives à l’application de la Convention aux activités liées à l'énergie nucléaire
Convention sur l’évaluation de l’impact sur l’environnement dans un contexte transfrontière (Convention d’Espoo)
Les Recommandations sur les bonnes pratiques concernant l'application de la Convention aux activités liées à l'énergie nucléaire décrivent les bonnes pratiques existantes en matière d'application des procédures d'étude d'impact environnemental (EIE) transfrontière dans le domaine de l'énergie nucléaire. Leur objectif est de faciliter l'échange d'informations et d'aider les pays à appliquer systématiquement la Convention en illustrant les bonnes pratiques et en partageant leurs expériences. La conférence des parties à la Convention a approuvé les Recommandations sur les bonnes pratiques à sa septième session (Minsk, 13-16 juin 2017). La Convention énonce les obligations d'évaluer l'impact environnemental de certaines activités à un stade précoce de la prise de décision. Il prévoit également l'obligation générale pour les parties de se notifier et de se consulter mutuellement sur tous les grands projets à l'étude susceptibles d'avoir un impact négatif important sur l'environnement au-delà des frontières nationales. L'objectif est de renforcer la coopération internationale et de permettre la prise de décisions écologiquement rationnelles, en accordant une attention particulière à la réduction des impacts négatifs importants, en particulier dans un contexte transfrontier.
The Emissions Gap Report 2017
A UN Environment Synthesis Report
The UN Environment Emissions Gap Report assesses the latest scientific studies on current and estimated future greenhouse gas emissions and compares these with the emission levels permissible for the world to progress on a least-cost pathway to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement. This difference between “where we are likely to be and where we need to be” is known as the ‘emissions gap’. The report explores some of the most important options available for countries to bridge the gap.
The Emissions Gap Report 2012
A UNEP Synthesis Report
The UN Environment Emissions Gap Report assesses the latest scientific studies on current and estimated future greenhouse gas emissions and compares these with the emission levels permissible for the world to progress on a least-cost pathway to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement. This difference between “where we are likely to be and where we need to be” is known as the ‘emissions gap’. The report explores some of the most important options available for countries to bridge the gap.
Bridging the Emissions Gap
A UNEP Synthesis Report
The UN Environment Emissions Gap Report assesses the latest scientific studies on current and estimated future greenhouse gas emissions and compares these with the emission levels permissible for the world to progress on a least-cost pathway to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement. This difference between “where we are likely to be and where we need to be” is known as the ‘emissions gap’. The report explores some of the most important options available for countries to bridge the gap.
Improving Efficiency in Forestry Operations and Forest Product Processing in Kenya
A Viable REDD+ Policy and Measure?
This report seeks to assess whether increased efficiency in forestry operations and forest product processing and utilization constitute viable policies and measures to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) for the Government of Kenya, with the potential to attract public and/ or private investments to enable REDD+ implementation. In particular, the report focuses on the extent to which efficiency improvements in commercial logging, sawmills, charcoal production, use of charcoal and firewood in cooking stove technology, and wood usage in industrial processes can address supply deficiency in the forest sector, reduce pressures on forests, and ultimately reduce or eliminate net forest carbon emissions.