Migration

PART B Ebola-affected Komanda zone has three Point of Control screening points managed by IOM where thousandsof travellers stop each day to wash their hands and are screened for symptom of Ebola before continuing theirjourneys. Point of Control health screening points are located at areas of high-mobility and key congregation pointswithin the Democratic Republic of the Congo where travellers are monitored for symptoms of the disease andinstructed to wash their hands to promote good hygiene and prevent the spread the disease. IOM manages morethan 80 screening points in Ebola-affected areas. © IOM 2020/Muse Mohammed

The introduction of this study brought to light the relevance and magnitude of the housing crisis affecting the UNECE region as well as the issues faced by migrants and refugees in gaining access to housing.

There is no universally agreed upon legal definition of “migrant”. The United Nations International Organization for Migration provides the following definition

Los acontecimientos recientes en Ucrania han puesto de manifiesto con total claridad los vínculos que existen entre la seguridad nacional, la seguridad energética y la seguridad alimentaria, así como las consecuencias catastróficas que han tenido para la seguridad humana de los ucranianos y de muchas otras sociedades en todo el mundo.

Four years since the first publication of the Asia–Pacific Migration Data Report, the migration landscape in the region has undergone significant changes, from the unprecedented impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and escalating humanitarian crises, to the growing imminence of climate change as a “threat multiplier” (United Nations, n.d.). Along with the reopening of borders and proliferation of new opportunities, millions of people have moved within and beyond the region, reshaping numerous countries of origin, transit and destination.

This chapter presents case studies covering different approaches and best practices to providing housing for migrants and refugees. The case studies are organized thematically in five sections.

Cette session de l’IDM avait pour but de réunir un large éventail de parties prenantes, notamment des États, des organisations du système des Nations Unies, la société civile, le secteur privé, les jeunes, ainsi que les migrants et leurs communautés, pour favoriser la compréhension, la coopération et la confiance à différents niveaux entre les participants, créer des possibilités de collaboration sur les défis communs que pose le changement climatique et identifier des solutions efficaces en matière de mobilité climatique.

La migration est aussi ancienne que l’humanité. De tout temps, les personnes ont migré en quête d’une vie meilleure, pour fuir un conflit ou se mettre en sécurité, ou simplement à la recherche de nouvelles possibilités.

Lack of information about housing alternatives and schemes, bureaucratic procedures and regulations in the housing sphere and rights of tenants often combine to make it difficult to pursue adequate housing even when national and local legislation does not prevent them from doing so.

El Pacto Mundial para la Migración Segura, Ordenada y Regular de 2018, que se fundamenta en la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible y cuyos cimientos se remontan a principios del año 2000, representó un hito sin precedentes en la historia de la gobernanza mundial de la migración.

Las editoras agradecen en particular a los autores de los capítulos temáticos y a todos los revisores académicos y de la OIM que aportaron comentarios constructivos sobre los borradores de los capítulos.

Poverty and inequality can be important drivers of international migration, leading individuals and families to seek better opportunities abroad. However, the poorest of the poor usually lack the means, information and access to networks necessary to migrate. Migrants often contribute to reducing poverty in countries of origin, especially through the remittances they send back to their families and communities. However, remittances can also reinforce inequalities in countries of origin. In countries of destination, migrants can become trapped in intergenerational cycles of poverty, particularly when they become segregated in lowincome neighbourhoods. Policies to promote the economic integration and social inclusion of migrants in countries of destination can help mitigate some of these negative impacts by reducing inequalities between migrants and host populations.

Les éditrices remercient vivement les auteurs des chapitres thématiques, ainsi que l’ensemble des relecteurs universitaires et de l’OIM pour leurs observations constructives sur les projets de chapitre.

Housing cooperatives (Coops) are a typology of private companies formed by individuals with the aim of facilitating access to housing for their members. Residents are the collective managers of the company and collectively establish rules and decisions relating to their living environment.

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and its 17 SDGs, particularly SDG 11: “Sustainable Cities and Communities”, the Geneva UN Charter on Sustainable Housing and the New Urban Agenda are key frameworks that promote the right to an adequate standard of living, including adequate housing.