Santé publique

A patriarchal society confers the title of “breadwinners” on ‘him’ and bestows them with the responsibility to earn for the family. This confers another title on him as “head of the family” which thematically corresponds to “white man’s burden” as it creates an illusion that only men are capable of earning for the family. Unfortunately, the phrase “the father is the head of the family” is taught already as a lesson in pre-primary school thereby sowing the seeds of inequality in innocent minds. This illusion, born from the patriarchal mindset, laid the foundation for the socio-economic gender inequalities present today and is the root cause of intergenerational inequality faced by women.

Preparing young people for the diplomatic and international careers of today means facing the new international crises with an innovative and global vision that analyzes their real causes first and then provides adequate and effective responses over time. Furthermore, a greater synergy with international organizations such as the United Nations (UN) is needed. In this regard, the European Association of International Studies (AESI) usually organizes two missions in Geneva in coordination with the Italian Representation at the United Nations agencies. Unfortunately, the health emergency has not allowed this tradition to continue this year, but the liaison with the Director-General of the UN Agencies in Geneva, Ms. Tatiana Valovaya, is still vigorous and the activities promoted by AESI for young university students are considered of great importance. Indeed, AESI is strongly convinced that only by investing in the new generations with innovative and global training, which envisage above all concrete contacts with international actors such as the UN and the European Union (EU), we can achieve a future of peace and promote a culture of solidarity. Furthermore, we believe that the interaction with young university students who are preparing for diplomatic and international careers can also enrich international organizations through a deeper understanding of young people’s perspectives, enhancing also their creative solutions to crises. The Director-General of the United Nations Agencies in Geneva illustrated in her Message to AESI what the priorities of this health emergency are, but she also encouraged the UN to listen to the new generations. She invited students to send them messages and contributions. The Director-General also expressed her wish to meet with the young AESI members in Geneva when it will be possible. The University will play a great role in the future, not only with respect to the international relations dimension, but above all with the involvement of young people in the process of renewing peace promotion strategies in crisis situations. The United Nations has discovered this great added value and for this we also thank the United Nations Director-General of Geneva.

To prevent the spread of Covid19, many governments have been taking strict measures such as closing borders, imposing nationwide lockdowns and setting up quarantine facilities. While these measures may ensure that social distancing is followed seriously, they may have indirect effects on the economy and adverse effects on the well-being of people, especially the vulnerable population.

نوكيس .هانفرع يذلا ملاعلا نع افلتخم نوكيس مداقلا ملاعلا لوقت اذكه .ةيحلا سانجلأل اماترحا رثكأو ،لوهجملل اريدقت رثكأ.غنيم غنوي ياشت ةرعاشلا

ترهظ يتلا ةيبئاجعلا يرقاقعلا نم ضعب كلت ،لفلفلا ءاسح ،”مينلا“ قاروأ ،دوسلأا ياشلا ،ةيحصلا ةمزلأا هذه ّلظ في ،تشرتنا ثيح ،19 ـ ديفوك جلاعل نكاملأا نم اهيرغو ايقيرفإ في ءابو“ ةحفاكلمو .يعامتجلاا لصاوتلا تاكبش برع ةرماؤلما تايرظنو ةفئازلا تامولعلما رابخلأا راشتنلا يدصّتلا في اهتايلوؤسم لّمحت ةيمقرلا تاّصنلما لىع ّيينعتي ،اذه ”تامولعلما.ةيملاعلإا ةيارّدلا ةيمنتو ةفئازلا

يتلا خوّششرلاو تاعّدصتلا نع راتّسلا ةيحصلا ةمزلأا تحازأ دقل نكس فورظو ،سنجلا لىع مئاق فنع نم ،انتاعمتجم ّقشت ،ملاعلا اذه يريغت اندرأ ام اذإو .ةيحصلا ةمظنلأا فعضو ،ةيرزم.نلآا ىتح اهتهجاوم نم نّكمتن مل يتلا تايّدحتلا عفرن نأ انيلعف

نم فلاتئلاا ءاشنإب نيردابلما نم ةدحاو يه ،تفاغروو ـ بوترس لياتان ،ليربأ في ،هأشنأ فلاتئا وهو ،19 ـ ديفوك نأشب ةيريسرلا ثوحبلا لجأ رارقلا باحصأو ،ةحنالما تاهجلاو ،ءابطلأاو ،ةيملعلا تاسسؤلما نم ددع نادلبلا في يبطلا ثحبلاب ضوهنلا لجأ نم ،ًادلب 30 لياوح نم ،سيايسلا بسانتت ةيصوصخ ثوحب ءارجإ لىإ ةثحابلا هذه وعدتو .لخّدلا ةيندتلما.فيعّضلا لخدلا تاذ نادلبلا عاضوأ عم

Epidemics and pandemics are not new phenomena. Leprosy, plague, cholera and smallpox have all left their deadly mark on human history. They have also led humans to question themselves, and often result in positive change.

The first effective attempt to promote children’s rights was the Declaration of the Rights of the Child, drafted by Eglantyne Jebb in 1923 and adopted by the League of Nations in 1924. On 20 November 1959, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a much expanded version as its own Declaration of the Rights of the Child, with ten principles in place of the original five. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) was the first legally binding international instrument to incorporate the full range of human rights, describing child-specific needs and rights.3 These human rights included civil cultural, economic, political, and social rights, as well as aspects of humanitarian law.3 The UNCRC was signed in 1989, and entered into force in 1990. As of May 2010, it had 193 parties which had ratified, accepted, or acceded with stated reservations or interpretations, including every member of the United Nations except Somalia and the United States, which have only signed.

In 1978, the Declaration of Alma-Ata at the International Conference on Primary Health Care launched primary health care as a route to better health for all. The ambition was bold. The Declaration of Alma-Ata responded to a world characterized by vast and largely avoidable differences in the health status of populations, and mapped out a strategy for reducing these gaps through fundamental changes in the way health systems were organized and care delivered. As the Declaration of Alma-Ata argued, enlightened policy that made fair access to health care an explicit objective could raise the level of health within populations, enabling people to lead socially and economically productive lives, and thus driving overall development.

The world has been living with the HIV/AIDS epidemic for some thirty years, and prevention methods have been scientifically proven and disseminated to the public for nearly as long. Yet, there are, according to the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) High Level Commission on HIV Prevention, at least 7,000 new HIV infections every day—an alarming number that indicates HIV/AIDS awareness is at an unacceptable level of neglect by governments, civil society, and the private sector. There was a strong worldwide effort towards HIV prevention when the disease began spreading rapidly throughout the developing world in the early 1990s but, more recently, a disproportionate amount of funding has been directed towards treatment, rather than prevention. Obviously, prevention is the most effective method in slowing down the spread of this terrible disease, but decisionmakers still view HIV prevention as a health problem, not a societal one.

In the beginning, the AIDS epidemic struck like a thief in the night—suddenly, terrifyingly, and deadly. At first, there were a few cases of a rare malignancy Kaposi’s sarcoma; then came the appearance of Pneumocystis pneumonia-, and finally a plethora of opportunistic infections including systemic candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis, and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare—all rare diseases associated with this new mysterious, unknown, and unnamed spectre.

Local and natural – Freda Obeng- Ampofo would have it no other way. As long as the owner of Ghanaian cosmetics line KAEME can remember, she has been using shea butter and black soap (roasted cocoa pods, plantain bark and coconut oil) as her only two care products.

The coronavirus pandemic has triggered a new economic paradigm that is as unprecedented and radical as the Great Depression. Although the economic consequences of this global crisis are still unfolding, its impact on African economies is already alarming.

Mahfuzul, an aspiring entrepreneur from Bangladesh, has no doubt that he will be able to turn his dream of running his own business into reality.