Transportation and Public Safety
Трансъевропейские высокоскоростные железные дороги Исследование Генерального плана: Этап 2
This publication is a continuation of the work undertaken in Phase 1 and extends its analysis to the following areas: Technical and legislative aspects Socioeconomic analysis Conditions for the establishment of national and international networks and Financial and planning elements of HSR. The development of an HSR network in the TER region would significantly improve the competitiveness of rail increasing the sustainability of the transport sectors in TER countries. Currently there are few railway lines in some TER member States that allow high-speed operation. This creates a unique opportunity for developing HSR systems in individual TER member States while ensuring that this development is integrated across the wider TER region through adequate international connectivity. This study aims to provide decision-makers with the necessary tools to define what if any HSR networks should be developed in their respective states.
Выражение признательности
Данная публикация подготовлена национальными координаторами проекта «Трансъевропейские железные дороги» и национальными экспертами на основе материалов предоставленных консультантом г-ном Яном Рачиньским. Ценный вклад в подготовку этого документа был внесен Управляющим проекта ТЕЖ Европейской экономической комиссии Организации Объединенных Наций и его заместителем а также другими экспертами.
Резюме
В последние годы высокоскоростные железные дороги (ВСЖД) стремительно развиваются во всем мире. Опыт государств которые внедряют эти системы в практику показывает каким образом они устанав-ливают новые стандарты качества и способствуют возрождению железных дорог как одного из видов транспорта. Этот рост также способствует улучшению связи на уровне периферийных регионов укрепляя в то же время и международные связи. В настоящее время доля железных дорог в общем объеме транс-портных услуг в государствах с наиболее развитой сетью ВСЖД составляет более 50 процентов поскольку ВСЖД позволяют сократить продолжительность рейсов и как следствие вести более эффективную конку-рентную борьбу с другими видами транспорта.
Введение
Генеральный план высокоскоростных железных дорог ТЕЖ имеет целью определить направление разви-тия сети высокоскоростных железных дорог (ВСЖД) в регионе на основе передового опыта в мировой практике. Данный Генеральный план разработан в порядке продолжения и развития анализа включенно-го в исследование Генерального плана высокоскоростных магистралей ТЕЖ на этапе 1.
75-летие Комитета по внутреннему транспорту
The Inland Transport Committee (ITC) of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) was formally established in July 1947. For 75 years ITC has provided a platform for intergovernmental cooperation to facilitate and develop international transport while simultaneously improving its safety and environmental performance. The main results of this critical work are reflected in the 59 United Nations international agreements and conventions which provide a legal framework and technical regulations for everything from the development of international road rail inland navigation and intermodal transport to dangerous goods transport and vehicle construction. Some of the most emblematic moments of the 75-year history of the Committee are captured in this publication. The adoption of the ITC Strategy until 2030 in 2019 prompted the continued expansion of the Conventions under the Committee’s purview towards eventually covering all 193 UN Member States. Through this strategic direction on the road to 2030 ITC as the UN platform for inland transport stays true to its 75-year history that changed the world of transport and impacts the daily lives of billions around the world. It will ensure its continued contribution to the needs and priorities of its members and contracting parties by leading change in inland transport and by providing a level-playing field and inclusive platform of reliable solutions at a time when these are needed the most by the international community.
Legal issues and regulatory developments
This chapter provides an overview of important international legal issues including the commercial law implications of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic as well as recent regulatory developments relevant to international maritime transport and trade.
Note
The Review of Maritime Transport is a recurrent publication prepared by the UNCTAD secretariat since 1968 with the aim of fostering the transparency of maritime markets and analysing relevant developments. Any factual or editorial corrections that may prove necessary based on comments made by Governments will be reflected in a corrigendum to be issued subsequently.
Maritime transport services
In 2021 due to strong market conditions in terms of value the world shipping fleet increased dramatically and there was much greater demand for second-hand vessels. During the 12 months to January 2022 however in a more difficult economic environment the total fleet of seagoing merchant vessels grew more slowly by around 3 per cent.