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World Economic and Social Survey (WESS)
The World Economic and Social Survey (WESS) provides objective analysis of pressing long-term social and economic development issues, and discusses the positive and negative impact of corresponding policies.
This publication is continued by World Social Report.
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World Economic and Social Survey 2018
Frontier Technologies for Sustainable Development
This publication reviews the advances in frontier technologies — including automation robotics renewable energy technologies electric vehicles biotechnologies and artificial intelligence — and analyzes their economic social and environmental impact. These technologies present immense potentials for the 2030 Agenda fostering growth prosperity and environmental sustainability. They also pose significant risks of unemployment underemployment and rising income and wealth inequality and raise new ethical and moral concerns. The Survey identifies policy measures at national levels with the capacity to both maximize the potential of these technologies and mitigate their risks thereby striking a balance among economic efficiency equity and ethical considerations.
World Economic and Social Survey 2017
Reflecting on Seventy Years of Development Policy Analysis
The aim of WESS 2017 is to document the intellectual influence of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) through its flagship publication World Economic and Social Survey (WESS) on its 70th Anniversary. First published in 1948 the Survey is the oldest continuous post-World War II publication of its kind that records and analyses the performance of the global economy and social development trends as well as offers relevant policy recommendations. WESS 2017 will highlight how well the Survey tracked global economic and social conditions and how its analysis influenced and were influenced by the prevailing discourse during the past seven decades. It will also critically reflect on its policy recommendations and their influence on actual policy-making and the shaping of the world economy. Particular attention will be given to reflect on the lessons that a historical review of the policy analysis done by the Survey would provide for the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
World Economic and Social Survey 2016
Climate Change Resilience - An Opportunity for Reducing Inequalities
World Economic and Social Survey 2014/2015
Learning from National Policies Supporting MDG Implementation
World economic and social survey 2013
Sustainable development challenges
World Economic and Social Survey 2012
In Search of New Development Finance
World Economic and Social Survey 2011
The Great Green Technological Transformation
World Economic and Social Survey 2010
Retooling Global Development
World Economic and Social Survey 2009
Promoting Development, Saving the Planet
World Economic and Social Survey 2008
Overcoming Economic Insecurity
According to the Survey economic insecurity arises from the exposure of individuals communities and countries to adverse events and from their inability to cope with and recover from the downside losses. Local concerns have been compounded by new global threats as unregulated markets and climate change. The Survey offers a different approach with a strong “social contract” and more integrated and pragmatic economic and social policy. It calls for more active policy responses to help communities better manage these new risks increased investment in preventing threatening events from emerging and more concerted efforts to strengthen the underlying social contracts which are in the end the real basis of a more secure stable and just future.
World Economic and Social Survey 2007
Development in an Ageing World — 60th Anniversary Edition, 1948-2007
The World Economic and Social Survey 2007 analyses the challenges and opportunities associated with ageing populations and aims to facilitate discussions in furthering the Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing which focuses on three sets of priorities: older people and development; advancing health and well-being into old age; and enabling and supportive environments for older persons. The Survey underscores the need to fully recognize and better harness the productive and social contributions to societies that older persons can make but are in many instances prevented from making.
World Economic and Social Survey 2002
Trends and Policies in the World Economy
Part I. State of the World Economy: In the second half of 2002 the world economy stands at a delicate juncture. After the weakest performance in a decade for the year as a whole global economic recovery is under way. However neither the strength nor the breadth nor the durability of the recovery is assured. Part II. Private-Public Interaction in Achieving Society’s Goals: examines selected aspects of the changing nature of the interaction between the public and private sectors in producing some of the goods and services that societies as a whole may desire as part of their overall development.
World Economic and Social Survey 2003
Trends and Policies in the World Economy
The World Economic and Social Survey is the United Nations annual analysis of current developments in the world economy and emerging policy issues. It contains forecast of short-term global and regional economic trends and reviews major developments in international trade. Part One of this year’s Survey revolves around the economic recovery that is underway in some developed market economies and some developing countries. Part Two explores current social issues that are interlinked with economic development. Special attention is given to public-private cooperation in the light of drastic transformation of the role of the government. The Survey includes statistical tables which give standardized data on international trade and finance incorporating current data and forecasts. It is essential for decision makers in government and business and provides valuable information to all interested in the trends of global economy.
World Economic and Social Survey 2005
Financing for Development
The World Economic and Social Survey 2005 focuses on the Monterrey Consensus as the current framework for international cooperation for development. The report examines the correspondingly broad agenda for action that was set out in the Consensus recognizing numerous accomplishments to date and draws attention to the further actions—in the financing and trade areas—that need to be undertaken in the years ahead to achieve both the Millennium Development Goals as well as the broader United Nations Development Agenda.
World Economic and Social Survey 2006
Diverging Growth and Development
The World Economic and Social Survey provides objective analysis of pressing long-term social and economic development issues and discusses the positive and negative impact of corresponding policies. The analyses are supported by analytical research and data included in the annex. According to the 2006 edition of the Survey in the industrialized world the income level over the last five decades has grown steadily while it has failed to do so in many developing countries thereby causing a rise in already high world inequality.
World Economic and Social Survey 2004
Part I — Trends and Policies in the World Economy, Part II — International Migration
The 2004 edition of the World Economic and Social Survey is divided into two parts. The first part discusses the state of the world economy in 2004 and the outlook for 2005. It includes a review of developments in international trade and finance and an overview of the situation in the world’s economies as of mid-2004 and their prospects for 2005. Meanwhile the second part addresses international migration. It examines historical and recent surges in migration policies towards migration its economic and social effects the question of refugees and the state of international cooperation regarding migration.
World Economic and Social Survey 2001
Trends and Policies in the World Economy
Part one. State of the World Economy: chronicles how the very positive developments in output and international trade with reasonably buoyant levels of international finance for emerging markets for the first half of 2000 turned into retrenchment. The ongoing downturn in the business cycle in developed countries has been unusual in a number of respects when contrasted with previous downturns in the post-war period. Part two. A Globalizing World: Risks Vulnerability and Opportunity: looks at some examples of vulnerability in the context of globalization with the discussions focusing on how the liberalization of financial markets can bring benefits to individual countries; how trade shocks can be absorbed and whether the risk of such shocks reduces the potential gains from trade; how three small landlocked transition economies survived the shocks arising from the collapse of the centrally planned system; and how a country can cope with a recurrent and to some extent predictable natural disaster and flooding. The insights from these chapters should help the international community as it confronts the issues of vulnerability and globalization.
World Economic and Social Survey 2000
Trends and Policies in the World Economy
Part one. State of the World Economy: chronicles a remarkable recovery in the world economy after the crisis years 1997-1999. Although the volume of international financial flows has not returned to its pre-crisis level international financial markets are again displaying a sense of calm. International trade has also largely recovered from the setback it suffered following the financial crises. Part two. Escaping the Poverty Trap: identifies a number of critical steps for the poorer countries to break out of their “poverty trap” and find a path to sustained and sustainable development. The objective of part two is to identify some of the actions that countries can take to start a period of rapid and sustained growth that would allow living standards to increase appreciably over a relatively short period of time.
World Economic and Social Survey 1999
Trends and Policies in the World Economy
Part one. State of the World Economy: provides a chronicle of how large parts of the world economy were sent reeling in the past two years by the fragility of financial systems and their international connectedness. On the whole the world economy seems to have hit bottom and most of the affected countries are moving towards recovery. Part two. Financial Development in the Globalizing World: serves as a contribution to the international discussion on “financing for development”. It seeks to give a perspective on the major changes that have been taking place in recent decades in the banking and financial systems of developed developing and transition economies.
World Economic and Social Survey 1998
Trends and Policies in the World Economy
Authoritative and reliable the 1998 World Economic and Social Survey offers unique insight and commentary on current trends and policies in the world economy. Its forecasts and lucid descriptions make it an essential tool for those involved in international trade and finance. This new edition provides a comprehensive review of macro-economic developments in 1997 and the outlook for 1998 in developed developing and transition economies. It also surveys major trends in international trade and financial flows; the net transfer of financial resources; implications of the European Union agreement to start monetary union in 1999; and emerging lessons from the international treatment of the Asian currency crisis. This essential Survey includes detailed statistical tables incorporating current data and forecasts.
World Economic Survey 1977
Current Trends in the World Economy
World Economic Survey 1977 highlights a widespread uncertainty and unease about prospects for the world economy in 1978 and even over a longer time span. Although domestic income and output in 1977 and early 1978 have been continuing to increase in most countries the pace has been moderating recently and shows no signs of quickening in the immediate future. For most countries—developing as well as developed—prospects are seen to depend quite heavily on events external to their domestic economy.
World Economic and Social Survey 1997
Trends and Policies in the World Economy
Authoritative and reliable the Survey is a detailed assessment of the state of the world’s economic and social situation. Its forecasts for the upcoming year and lucid description of national and international economic policies emerging issues and trends make it ideal for those engaged in international trade. As a special focus in this year’s edition the Survey addresses four long-term issues of importance to the international community: the economics of the resurgent global tuberculosis crisis how the international arms trade has changed since the end of the Cold War recent trends in international travel as a dimension of world economic integration and prospects for global emissions of CO2 under different outlooks for policy and technical change.
World Economic and Social Survey 1996
Current Trends and Policies in the World Economy
Authoritative and reliable the Survey is a detailed assessment of the state of the world’s economic and social situation. Its forecasts for the upcoming year and lucid description of national and international economic policies emerging issues and trends make it ideal for the international businessman or economist. Issued annually since 1948.
World Economic and Social Survey 1995
Current Trends and Policies in the World Economy
Authoritative and reliable the Survey is a detailed assessment of the state of the world’s economic and social situation. Its forecasts for the upcoming year and lucid description of national and international economic policies emerging issues and trends make it ideal for the international businessman or economist. Issued annually since 1948.
World Economic and Social Survey 1994
Current Trends and Policies in the World Economy
Authoritative and reliable the Survey is a detailed assessment of the state of the world’s economic situation. Issued since 1948 its forecasts for the upcoming year and lucid description of national and international economic policies emerging issues and trends make it ideal for the international businessman or economist.
World Economic Survey 1993
Current Trends and Policies in the World Economy
The World Economic Survey 1993 is the forty-sixth annual report of the United Nations Secretariat on the major developments and issues in the world economy. Despite strong growth in a number of developing countries in 1993 for the third year in a row the growth of the world output will fall below the growth of world population.
World Economic Survey 1992
Current Trends and Policies in the World Economy
The year 1991 witnessed events of historic importance for the world economy. World output declined for the first time since the World War. Dramatic political events brought about the dissolution of the Soviet Union and catapulted the economies of the successor republics into transition to the market system. The Persian Gulf war left deep marks on a number of economies. Many countries continued to stagnate. The World Economic Survey 1992 examines these and related developments and major issues in the world economy.
World Economic Survey 1991
Current Trends and Policies in the World Economy
1990 was an extraordinary years of shocks and contrasts for the world economy: the Gulf conflict a sharp increase in energy prices and a sudden erosion of consumer and business confidence in much of the world. Some developed economies went into recession and others nearly did. Many developing economies continued to languish under the burden of problem that persisted over most of the last decade.
World Economic Survey 1990
Current Trends and Policies in the World Economy
The dramatic political upheavals that occurred in 1989 marked the end of a long period of intense international dispute over the appropriate organization of modern industrial societies. However the transition that has been set in motion has so far generated much political turmoil and economic crisis. World output grew by 3.1 per cent compared with 4.4 per cent in 1988. The problem arising from the external debts of the developing countries persisted.
World Economic Survey 1989
Current Trends and Policies in the World Economy
Global economy growth in 1988 confounded expectations. Not only was the expansion of world output larger than expected but international trade and investments grew vigorously. However this expansion failed to spread to many developing countries particularly those in Africa and Latin America which continued to stagnate or to grow very slowly. The World Economic Survey 1989 reviews these trends and analyses their implications for the different regions of the world.
World Economic Survey 1988
Current Trends and Policies in the World Economy
The growth of gross world product in 1987 was slightly above 3 per cent. Short-term trends indicate that the world economy will continue to expand during the next two years but at a lower rate. The period ahead will be one in which multilateral institutions and traditional economic relations will be pit on a major test.
World Economic Survey 1987
Current Trends and Policies in the World Economy
The modest expansion that characterizes the world economy during most of the first half of the 1980s persisted in 1986. Inflation has decelerated considerably and industrial countries are entering their fifth year of expansion though at a slow pace. The world economy appears to be set in a slow growth path which is likely to delay the great adjustments required at the national and international levels. The continuation in 1986 and early 1987 of the trade imbalances of the larger industrial economies has added to the strains on the world financial and trade systems.
World Economic Survey 1986
Current Trends and Policies in the World Economy
The large imbalances in trade and payments that have in recent years characterized the world economy persisted in 1985 and early 1986. In particular unprecedented disequilibrium prevailed in the trade and financial relations of major industrial countries and there was a continued overall net transfer of resources from developing to developed countries largely related to the international debt crisis. Both of these situations were in the course of 1985 increasingly perceived as unsustainable economically as well as politically.
World Economic Survey 1985
Current Trends and Policies in the World Economy
The crucial role of international trade in reinforcing global demand was evident in 1984 as the growth of world output gradually regained the pace of the late 1970s. Yet the geographical spread of the recovery remained limited and economic growth in half of the developing countries was still so low that income per capita either continued to fall or stagnated. This uneven recovery its sources and the policies conditioning its transmission as well as its short-term prospects are the focus of the World Economic Survey 1985.
World Economic Survey 1984
Current Trends and Policies in the World Economy
After the most protracted global economic recession since the 1930s the prospects for sustained and broad-based growth are still not satisfactory. This unresolved issue is the focus of World Economic Survey 1984. A major development in 1983 was the recovery in North America. The recovery of the developed market economies as a whole is expected to become more widespread this year but further strengthening beyond 1984 is uncertain.
World Economic Survey 1983
Current Trends and Policies in the World Economy
According to World Economic Survey 1983 the world economy remained in the grip of recession during 1982 and is only now beginning in a few places to show some signs of recovery. The unexpectedly severe contraction in demand that ensued from the anti-inflationary policies set in train by major industrial countries in 1979 and 1980 had brought about a sharp curtailment in the growth of world production and trade in 1981 and the deflationary impact of such policies was aggravated in 1982. In the developing countries as a group output failed to increase for the first time in the post-war period.
World Economic Survey 1981-1982
Current Trends and Policies in the World Economy
World Economic Survey 1980-1981
World Economic Survey 1980-1981 discusses the deterioration in the performance of the world economy in 1980 which was accompanied by a marked slowdown in the expansion of world trade worsened imbalances in current accounts and an acceleration in the pace of inflation. Although some recovery in growth rates is anticipated beginning in late 1981 the pace is not expected to be vigorous. The poorer medium-term trend that has been in evidence since the mid-1970s is thus likely to continue.
World Economic Survey 1979-1980
Current Trends in the World Economy
World Economic Survey 1979-1980 observes that the present world economic situation is characterized by a slow pace of economic advance in most countries which is expected to weaken further in the coming months particularly in developed market economies. This is accompanied by high rates of price inflation (which are pervading all economies) and substantial changes in the pattern of current-account balances occasioned principally by the doubling of the price of oil between the end of 1978 and the early months of 1980.
World Economic Survey 1978
Current Trends in the World Economy
According to World Economic Survey 1978 the pace of world economic activity weakened in 1978. In developing countries in particular the trends towards lower rates of growth in output observed since 1975 were accentuated. The developed market economies continued to grapple with problems of insufficient recovery in productive investment. In the centrally planned economies growth was restrained by external imbalances and international bottlenecks especially in the energy and transport sectors.
World Economic Survey 1976
Current Trends in the World Economy
World Economic Survey 1976 reviews the main developments in the world economy in 1976 and the outlook for 1977. It summarizes the latest available data on world production and world trade and briefly examines the state of economic balance—internal as revealed by changes in inflation and unemployment; and external as revealed by changes in reserves debt and exchange rates. As part of its overview of the world economy the Survey also examines the most recent evidence of economic performance and problems in the developing countries.
World Economic Survey 1975
Fluctuations and Development in the World Economy
World Economic Survey 1975 takes a closer look at the fluctuations and development in the world economy in the first half of the 1970s. The 1971-1975 period was one of great instability in which short-term problems and emergencies tended to pre-empt the attention of policymakers. The Survey also looks ahead to the second half of the decade and the efforts needed to restore more stable growth and improve the national and international division of labour and distribution.
World Economic Survey 1974
Part Two: Current Economic Developments
Part two of World Economic Survey 1974 analyses the salient features of world production and trade in 1974 compared with the earlier years of the Second United Nations Development Decade. It also deals in detail with the course of production and world trade with problems of internal economic balance including the acceleration of inflation in 1974 and the emergence of recessionary forces in the developed market economies. Finally it examines the prospects for the world economy in 1975.
World Economic Survey 1973
Part one: Population and Development. This report is the twenty-fifth in a series of comprehensive reviews of world economic conditions published by the United Nations. On the occasion of the World Population Year (1974) part one of World Economic Survey 1973 examines the recent interrelationships between demographic change and the process of socio-economic development. Part two: Current Economic Developments presents and overview of world production and trade and analyses the three main features of the global economic scene in 1973—the rise in commodity prices the world food situation and the world energy situation. It also examines the recent economic developments affecting the supply and use of resources and the state of internal and external balance in the world.
World Economic Survey 1972
Current Economic Development
World Economic Survey 1972 complements the documents prepared in connection with the biennial appraisal of progress under the International Development Strategy for the Second United Nations Decade. According to the Survey an upsurge in production which got under way in the second half of 1971 has continued into the early months of 1973 and is projected to continue at least for this year. Despite the breakdown of the international monetary system in August 1971 and the uncertainty that has prevailed ever since international trade expanded with great vigour in 1972 and seems likely to continue on an upward trend in 1973. In a number of places energy shortages have emerged and in the face of the continuing high rate of increase in demand there is now growing concern about an energy crisis. Meanwhile both unemployment and price inflation rates remain above tolerable limits. The latter is generally recognized as a major structural problem among the developing countries.
World Economic Survey 1971
Current Economic Developments
World Economic Survey 1971 examines some salient features of economic developments in 1970 taking into consideration the more detailed biennial report on the world economy that is to be issued in connection with the review and appraisal of the Second United Nations Development Decade. According to the Survey 1971 witnessed a sluggish performance of the world economy in terms of both production and trade. The rate of growth of aggregate production of goods and services remained at about 4 per cent in 1971 not much more than that of the previous year. Although this rate fell short of the First United Nations Development Decade’s annual average of 5.3 per cent a worldwide recession at times considered a possibility was averted.
World Economic Survey 1969–1970
The Developing Countries in the 1960s: The Problem of Appraising Progress
World Economic Survey 1969–1970 addresses the methodological problems that are involved in measuring progress in the developing countries. The Survey reviews the available data and suggests ways in which they might be used to throw light on the economic and social performance in the 1960s of the countries—both developing and economically more advanced—that will be implementing the International Development Strategy in the 1970s.
World Economic Survey 1968
Part one: Some Issues of Development Policy in the Coming Decade discusses problems and policies relating to the prospective growth of population employment and educational requirements. It also examines policies for the acceleration of agricultural and industrial growth in the coming decade analysing the increase in domestic and external resources required for this acceleration and considering the implication for policies of both developing and developed countries. Part two: Current Economic Developments reviews the recent trend in the world economy analysing the developments in 1968 and offering an outlook for 1969 as it appeared in the middle of the year.
World Economic Survey 1967
Part one: The Problems and Policies of Economic Development: An Appraisal of Recent Experience examines the principal features of economic progress of developing countries during the period 1955 to 1965. As part of the preparatory work for a second United Nations Development Decade this review seeks to draw pertinent lessons from the recent experience relating to problems and policies of economic development. Part two: Current Economic Developments highlights the main features of the world economic situation. The Survey covers the growth of output in 1967 and early 1968 and examines several topics of current concern in the field of international monetary and trade policy including inter alia the devaluation of the pound sterling reform of the international monetary system implications of the Kennedy round and trends in regional integration. It further discusses changes in the methods of planning and management in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and Eastern Europe.
World Economic Survey 1966
Part one: Implementation of Development Plans: Problems and Experience offers a series of papers dealing with problems and experience in the implementation of development plans. The subject of plan implementation has figured prominently in recent discussions in international forums. The Survey reviews certain aspects of the experience of the centrally planned economies that may be relevant to the problems of plan implementation in developing countries. Part two: Current Economic Developments covers the economic events of 1966 and early 1967 summarizing the principal developments in the world economies including trade and production in all major regions as well as institutional changes in the centrally planned countries. Furthermore the Survey analyses the specific difficulties currently faced by developing countries.