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- Volume 32, Issue 1, 2018
Asia-Pacific Population Journal - Volume 32, Issue 1, 2018
Volume 32, Issue 1, 2018
Issued two times a year, the Asia-Pacific Population Journal is an invaluable resource containing opinions and analysis by experts on important issues related to population. It provides a medium for the international exchange of knowledge, experience, ideas, technical information and data on all aspects of population.
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Gender implications of populating ageing: Rights and roles
Author: United NationsThis review analyses the gender dimensions of rapid population ageing in the Asia-Pacific region, shares examples of useful practices and makes policy recommendations within the context of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing. Population ageing is occurring along with urbanization, migration, more women in paid work, smaller families, technological advances and environmental changes. Reports from international agencies and new national policies and plans often fail to respond to the different needs of older women and men and to recognize and benefit from their different contributions. Age and sex discrimination intersect. Women live longer than men yet have higher risk of poor health and disability in old age. Although most older persons continue to live with their families, older women are more likely than men to live alone, be widowed and poor. They have had fewer opportunities to earn or make pension contributions and may lack inheritance rights. Older men are more likely to be socially isolated and miss their earlier roles. Conditions affecting quality of life are more common in older women and often neglected, including sensory impairments, arthritis and incontinence. Risk factors also differ: Women are less likely to be physically active; older men more likely to drink alcohol and smoke. Older women face greater barriers to health care. Caring for dependent older family members is usually the responsibility of women, and paid care providers are disproportionately female. Family caregivers need support, help with assistive devices and respite care. They are often unable to earn and save for their own old age. Government, civil society and the private sector all have important roles. National Governments need to invest in policies that recognize the different rights and roles of older women and men.
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Human resource requirements for meeting the needs of ageing societies
Author: United NationsWhile health care is accorded priority by Asian and Pacific countries in addressing the rapid ageing of their populations, only some include long-term care as part of a continuum of care available in institutional and non-institutional settings with formal and informal caregivers. Measures for avoidable (preventive and amenable) mortality contribute towards preventive long-term care. The delivery of health care by health professionals, allied health professionals and auxiliary care workers is discussed in this review, with examples of the training of nurses and social workers to show the range and variety of training available in the region. Caregiving is increasingly undertaken by migrant domestic and care workers and by volunteer health workers, often as part of community organizations. Institutional care is often perceived as abandonment and de-institutionalization is thus pursued as an “asset-light” policy option. But it should be supported as ageing-in-place, community-based services and platforms, with the integration of health and social care, innovative approaches for engagement and participation, and technology, all of which require trained human resources with the necessary skills and competencies. Other measures to strengthen care provision and support to older persons include expanding filial piety to social piety, changing mindsets and combating ageism for social solidarity and collective responsibility. It also includes measurement and monitoring mechanisms for accountability and course correction.
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Technologies to reach older persons with health-care services
Author: United NationsThis review examines telemedicine practices, which are separated into teleconsultations and telemonitoring, that have applied information and communication technologies (ICT) for the delivery of health-care services to older persons in the Republic of Korea, Japan, Australia and China. The practices featured from the Republic of Korea and Japan are telemedicine pilot projects to manage chronic disease patients more efficiently and at lower cost. The projects included a health management curriculum, with emphasis on nutrition and exercise guidance. The participants in each pilot project found the services to be helpful in managing their health; the project evaluation findings also indicated several meaningful medical improvements. In Australia, a Home Monitoring of Chronic Disease for Aged Care Project was designed in 2014 to manage ageing patients with chronic diseases at home through various telemedicine devices. In China, the Ningbo Cloud Hospital was established in 2015 to control increasing health-care expenses and to resolve difficulties for individuals to see a doctor. More than 2,000 patients are now registered for online video consultations and prescriptions. The featured examples illustrate how the application of telemedicine to a health-care system not only promotes accessibility between doctors and patients but can save on construction costs for new facilities and the cost of supplying medical personnel in remote areas, which thus can help reduce national medical expenses. However, to initiate ICT-based health-care service delivery, governments in Asia and the Pacific need to first establish related policies that promote telemedicine.
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Volumes & issues
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Volume 32
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Volume 31
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Volume 30
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Volume 28
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Volume 26
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Volume 29
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Volume 27
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Volume 25
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Volume 24
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Volume 23
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Volume 22
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Volume 21
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Volume 20
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Volume 19
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Volume 18
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Volume 17
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Volume 16
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Volume 15
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Volume 14
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Volume 13
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Volume 12
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Volume 11
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Volume 10
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Volume 9
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Volume 8
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Volume 7
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Volume 6
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Volume 5
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Volume 4
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Volume 3
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Volume 2
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Volume 1