Partnerships for the Goals

本简报建议制定一项《全球数字契约》，为推进开放、自由、安全、以人为本的数字未来制定原则、目标和行动，这种未来以普遍人权为基础，使实现可持续发展目标成为可能。简报概述了迫切需要多利益攸关方数字合作的领域，并阐述了《全球数字契约》如何通过提供包容性的全球框架，促进实现纪念联合国成立七十五周年宣言（大会第75/1 号决议）中关于“勾画数字合作共同愿景” 的承诺。这样一个框架至关重要，以采取多利益攸关方行动来克服数字、数据和创新鸿沟，并实现可持续数字未来所需的治理。

La présente note porte sur l’établissement d’un Pacte numérique mondial qui définirait des prin¬cipes, des objectifs et des actions visant à promou¬voir un avenir numérique ouvert, libre, sûr et centré sur l’être humain, ancré dans les droits humains universels et permettant d’atteindre les objectifs de développement durable. Elle indique les domaines dans lesquels il importe d’établir une coopéra¬tion multipartite dans le domaine du numérique et expose en quoi un Pacte numérique mondial peut aider à concrétiser l’engagement pris dans la dé¬claration faite à l’occasion de la célébration du soixante-quinzième anniversaire de l’Organisation des Nations Unies (résolution 75/1 de l’Assemblée générale), à savoir élaborer « une vision commune en ce qui concerne la coopération numérique » au moyen d’un cadre mondial inclusif. Un tel cadre est essentiel pour que l’on puisse mener une action multipartite et combler les fossés existant dans les domaines du numérique, des données et de l’innovation, et mettre en place une gouvernance indispensable à un avenir numérique durable.

В Повестке дня в области устойчивого развития на период до 2030 года и в «Нашей общей повестке дня» отмечается, что в основе глобального формирования политики лежит вредный анахронизм, который заключается в том, что в наших экономических моделях и параметрах упускаются из виду многие аспекты, поддерживающие жизнь и способствующие обеспечению благосостояния людей, и в то же время придается аномально и несоразмерно высокая значимость деятельности, истощающей планету. Цель предложений, представленных в настоящей концептуальной записке, состоит не в том, чтобы заменить валовой внутренний продукт, а в том, чтобы наметить путь к разработке дополнительных показателей, которые в более полной мере учитывают то, что важно для людей, для планеты и для будущего.

This paper showcases how a model that uses gender-responsive budgeting as a tool to promote gender equality, developed in the context of the Programme for Consolidating Economic Governance and PFMS in the PALOP-TL countries, Pro PALOP-TL SAI, leads to transformational and structural changes in PFMS and, consequently, results in more gender-equal economies and gender equality in the referenced countries (and could also be applied to other countries or at regional/global levels).

Sustainability-themed bonds are growing in popularity, including among development practitioners who view them as promising instruments in the delivery of more, especially climate, finance in developing economies. This UNDP Development Futures Working Paper provides an overview of the thematic bonds market and a discussion of issuer incentives as well as some of the main challenges related to additionality and credibility. To improve the potential of thematic bonds as a tool for sustainable and equitable development, the paper proposes five features that any official sector-supported model should prioritize. These features aim to deliver substantially lower funding costs for ‘green activities’ and improve market access as well as the credibility of bonds, which include strengthening issuer commitments to ambitious targets and incentives to implement climate-friendly policies. Finally, it is important to recognize the limitations of donor-supported models. High debt burdens in many countries limit the use of debt instruments, and these will compete for limited official sector funds with other, potentially fairer, means of delivering climate finance.

In the lead up to the 2023 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Summit (18-19 September, New York), the Secretary-General urged all Member States and stakeholders to present forward looking commitments to accelerate sustainable development in the coming years. A total of 39 Member States and 1 non-member observer state submitted 141 commitments via the SDG Summit Acceleration and Accountability Platform. This policy brief reviews these national commitments from the 2023 SDG Summit, focusing on how countries are translating the leaving no one behind (LNoB) concept into different policies across various country settings.

Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) financing is gaining global interest in the Decade of Action (2020–2030). Without an adequate assessment of the SDG financing flows, government actions can fail to accelerate SDG achievement. This document presents an SDG budget-tagging methodology to measure and strengthen countries’ SDG financing diagnostics. The methodology can be applied to (i) national and subnational budgets; (ii) international development cooperation to strengthen its monitoring; and (iii) identifying potentially eligible projects in private financing strategies. In addition to strengthening SDG financing diagnostics, when accompanied by data visualization tools, SDG budget tagging can strengthen fiscal transparency by communicating government action to the public using the 17 SDGs and inform SDG-oriented budgetary policymaking.

The recent confluence of crises – the COVID-19 pandemic, violent conflicts, and climate change – has caused severe setbacks to central objectives of social development, such as poverty eradication, employment generation, inequality reduction, and building inclusive societies. People and societies in vulnerable situations have been hit the hardest by the converging crises. There are indications that shocks and crises are becoming ever more frequent, severe, and far-reaching – driven by the worsening effects of climate change, the growing probability of pandemics, growing geopolitical tensions, and increasingly dense global networks of trade, finance and transport. The effects of these converging crises can be severe and long-lasting, as they may exhaust public and private response capacities, cause economic scarring, and trap people in a cycle of poverty. The World Social Report (WSR 2024) estimates that the potential cumulative global economic output loss could be over $50 trillion in the 2020–2030 period, an indication of lost opportunities for social development. National social protection mechanisms can help to protect and further advance social development. These mechanisms, by limiting the adverse impacts of shocks and crises, especially on people in vulnerable situations, and by supporting short-term recovery, enhance longer-term resilience and foster sustainable and inclusive growth. Yet only 47 per cent of the global population and as few as 13 per cent in low-income countries, are estimated to have access to at least one social protection benefit. At the same time, converging crises may increase the cost of providing adequate and universal social protection, while also depleting public financial resources. As a result, many developing countries, including most low- and lower-middle-income countries, would find it difficult to achieve universal social protection by 2030 without additional international support

Taxing wealth can take many forms; policy makers should carefully analyse options best suited to the existing tax system and the social-economic situation in their country. Ensuring effective taxation of wealth is a tool to address inequality, increase progressivity in the tax system, and raise domestic revenues to finance sustainable development. Net wealth taxes are gaining support, fuelled by the view that all individuals and corporations must pay their fair share of taxes. Investments in technological progress and automation of tax administrations, coupled with third-party reporting, international tax cooperation in the form of exchange of information and exit taxes, are crucial elements that could help countries to efficiently and effectively levy a net wealth tax.

This policy brief examines recent United States tariff shockwaves and the 90-day tariff pause, highlighting both direct impacts – particularly on Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco and Tunisia – and indirect spillovers through weaker demand from China and the European Union, and falling oil prices. Preliminary estimates for 2025 suggest moderate macroeconomic effects for the Agadir Agreement countries and limited impacts for the Gulf Cooperation Council economies. The brief underscores rising fiscal vulnerabilities and calls upon Arab States to strengthen regional integration, diversify trade and engage with the United States to enhance economic resilience.