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Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
Female-headed single-parent households and poverty in Costa Rica
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
2008,
pp 117
- 128
(2008)
May 2008
Article
Average real family incomes rose in Costa Rica in the late 1990s and at the start of the new decade but poverty rates did not fall. Here it is argued that economic growth in the country did not translate into reduced poverty during this period because of changes that took place in household structure and in the labour market and that these changes had an important gender dimension Specifically a rising proportion of female-headed single-parent hou Read More
The macroeconomics of the Latin American economic boom
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
2007,
pp 7
- 28
(2007)
Dec 2007
Article
This paper argues that the recent boom in the Latin American economies can be explained by the conjunction of two external factors not found together since the 1970s: strong commodity prices (more so for hydrocarbons and mining products than for agricultural commodities) and exceptional external financing conditions. Concerning the latter the key development was the massive influx of capital during two periods of “exuberance” in internatio Read More
Trade policy reform and poverty: Successes and failures in Central America
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
2009,
pp 65
- 82
(2009)
Nov 2009
Article
During the past two decades trade regimes in Latin America have been reformed to facilitate export-led growth in the expectation that the benefits of this growth would eventually trickle down and thereby help the poor. These goals have been achieved to differing degrees. Their accomplishment has depended not only upon the effectiveness of the trade policy reforms but also upon exchange-rate policy external shocks and remittance inflows. Technologi Read More
The financial protection impact of the public health system and private insurance in Brazil
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
2008,
pp 125
- 139
(2008)
Oct 2008
Article
This research assesses the effectiveness of the Brazilian public health system and of private insurance in Brazil in providing financial protection in health care. The determinants of catastrophic health expenditures are estimated by probit regressions with Heckman selection adjustment controlling for health-care need. Findings show that the public system provides a significant reduction (47%) in the probability of a household having catastrophic health expe Read More
Inequality, institutions and progress: A debate between history and the present
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
2007,
pp 61
- 80
(2007)
Dec 2007
Article
This article analyses current attempts to interpret the factors underlying long-term economic growth paying special attention to the Latin American case. It discusses both the interpretations whose advocates claim that geographic conditions have a decisive role in shaping the development process and those according to which colonization is seen as giving rise to an institutional framework ill-suited for development. The author -based on his own estima Read More
ECLAC in its historical setting
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
2008,
pp 7
- 26
(2008)
May 2008
Article
This lecture discusses the features of the colonial situation in Latin America that conditioned the region’s economic and social performance in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It deals in particular with Argentina looking at the events following the First World War through to the beginning of the Second World War. Those events were formative in the education and experience of Raúl Prebisch who 30 years later would give ECLAC its fundamental c Read More
Trade and investment rules: Latin American perspectives
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
2008,
pp 27
- 39
(2008)
May 2008
Article
This paper depicts the changing international landscape of investment rule-making from a Latin American perspective. It does so by looking first at the recent evolution of investment rules pointing out differences and synergies between these closely intertwined processes and the role that Latin American countries have had in shaping them. Against the backdrop of repeated failures to develop a comprehensive set of investment disciplines at the multilateral l Read More
The global crisis, speculative capital and innovative financing for development
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
2009,
pp 57
- 74
(2009)
Jul 2009
Article
One of the characteristics of globalization has been the marked volatility of financial flows. The realization that this was affecting growth and equity induced the International Conference on Financing for Development held in Monterrey in 2002 to adopt a global commitment to deal with the issue of development financing. Since then there has been a mixture of progress backsliding and inaction. This article conducts a brief review of financial globalization a Read More
Consolidating democracy and development in Chile
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
1992,
pp 37
- 46
(1992)
Oct 1992
Article
The transition to democracy in Chile has been achieved in an unusually rapid and successful manner. Its consolidation is only just beginning however and is faced with serious challenges which will call for extensive and complex efforts in the years to come.
Selectivity as the crux of social policies
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
1991,
pp 51
- 58
(1991)
Nov 1991
Article
The social cost of the crisis of the 1980s and the consequent application of adjustments to the economy has been giving rise to a number of problems in the region which together with the marked regression in the main vital indexes are causing fresh social tensions in the systems of institutions as weli as taking other forms of expression too despite the substantial advances made in the exercise of representative democracy in recent years.
Self-financing water supply and sanitation services
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
1992,
pp 117
- 128
(1992)
Dec 1992
Article
Financing investments in urban water supply and sanitation has been a perennial problem in all countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. The issue has increased in significance with the need to provide sewage treatment to reduce the gross pollution of many water bodies and to lessen the threat from waterborne diseases. In this paper the authors explore through a statistical analysis the practicability of financing water supply and sanitation serv Read More
Productivity: Agriculture compared with the economy at large
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
1991,
pp 105
- 114
(1991)
Nov 1991
Article
This paper posits the need for a study in greater depth to identify the special features of the structurai heteroge* neity of the Latin American economies. Such a study is needed regardless of whether this phenomena is defined ultimately as the presence of marked inequalities in the productivity of labour between different sectors of the economy or whether the heterogeneity of the economies of Latin America is understood fundamentaliy as a signi Read More
Integration today: Bases and options
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
1992,
pp 63
- 76
(1992)
Oct 1992
Article
The idea of regional integration is deeply rooted in Latin America. It has been part of the proposals for the region’s development for decades past and now through a combination of domestic and external circumstances it occupies a leading place in the regional economic debate. It was a novel idea which through being applied only partially in so many cases gradually became an issue of the past: an empty prospect and a contradiction in its own terms.
Why are men so irresponsible?
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
1992,
pp 79
- 87
(1992)
Sep 1992
Article
This article seeks to answer the question posed in the title which refers in particular to men in the lower-class urban sectors. The statistics reflect a type of behavior marked by an avoidance of the obligations connected with the formation and maintenance of a family leading to an increase in rates of illegitimacy in the proportion of adolescent pregnancies and in the rates of abandonment of families with children.
The economic and social significance of narcotics
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
1991,
pp 137
- 144
(1991)
Dec 1991
Article
The production trafficking and abuse of drugs has attained enormous magnitude all over the world. In Latin America the problem has taken on very special implications because that is the region where the countries which are the biggest producers of coca leaves basic paste and cocaine are located.
Shaping competitiveness in the Chilean wood-processing industry
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
1993,
pp 117
- 137
(1993)
Apr 1993
Article
The neoliberal view is that outward orientation and general liberalization should result in efficient factor allocation and thus in the formation of competitive economic structures. Its policy recommendations are therefore generally in the “get prices right” mould.
The empty box syndrome
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
1992,
pp 21
- 36
(1992)
Oct 1992
Article
This article examines the thesis -posited in the book entitled “Changing Production Patterns with Social Equity” published by ECLAC- that no country in Latin America was successful in achieving high overall economic growth with a reduction of income inequalities in the 1980s. As compared to the experience of many countries in South East Asia this was a lost decade for the region. This situation in Latin America has been referred to by Fernando Fajnzylbe Read More
Growth and income distribution in countries at intermediate stages of development
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
1992,
pp 141
- 155
(1992)
Dec 1992
Article
This article analyses the relationship between growth and income distribution. The existence of a conflict between these two variables depends on a country’s level of development. Such conflicts arise during intermediate stages of development when growth is led by savings and tend to disappear when growth becomes a knowledge-led phenomenon. Part of the reason for this is that saving is much more concentrated than education and technology are. Read More
Integration and trade diversion
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
1993,
pp 133
- 147
(1993)
Dec 1993
Article
Regional integration has once again become an important issue for Latin America and the Caribbean. Compared with previous experiences however recent integration commitments have a number of new aspects in such areas as negotiating procedures the issues involved in the various agreements -some of which are as unprecedented as the adoption of common currencies the creation of binational companies common labour laws etc.- and the actua Read More
Industrial policy in Central America
Main Title:
CEPAL Review
1992,
pp 95
- 105
(1992)
Dec 1992
Article
The Central American countries have a 40-year tradition of cooperation based on bilateral and multilateral treaties the most important of which is the General Treaty on Central American Economic Integration under whose terms the Central American Common Market (CACM) was established in 196b. Nevertheless the industrial policies pursued by these countries since that time are notable for their lack of uniformity.
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