Transportation and Public Safety
Воспламеняющиеся твердые вещества
Воспламеняющееся твердое вещество — твердое вещество которое может легко загореться или явиться причиной возгорания или поддержания горения в результате трения.
Саморазлагающиеся вещества и смеси
2.8.1.1 Саморазлагающиеся вещества или смеси — термически неустойчивые жидкие или твердые вещества или смеси способные подвергаться бурному экзотермическому разложению даже без участия кислорода (воздуха). Это определение не включает вещества или смеси классифицируемые в соответствии с СГС в качестве взрывчатых веществ органических пероксидов или окисляющих веществ.
Acknowledgements
The ITC SME Competitiveness Outlook 2022 was prepared by a team led by Barbara Ramos Chief of Research and Strategies for Exports under the strategic direction of the ITC Executive Director Deputy Executive Director and senior management team. Valentina Rollo coordinated the report. The writing team in the Research and Strategies for Exports Section included Floriana Borino Sarah Mohan Nathalie Raschka and Valentina Rollo as well as Quan Zhao from the Trade Facilitation and Policy for Business Section. Research assistance was provided by Eric Carlson Alejandra Castaneda Ruat Cira Fabiana Fong Camilo Giraldo Shishira Johny Arshia Karki Teny Nebie Maria Porras Nathalie Raschka and Antonina Popova.
Switch ON: ITC’s programme for digital connectivity
ITC’s 2022-2025 Strategic Plan highlights the role of digital connectivity in creating an inclusive sustainable and prosperous world. ITC centres its efforts on digitalizing SME trade in particular e-commerce in goods and services.
Turning services potential into a reality
Services are a powerful force for economic transformation. Small firms are poised to contribute to this revolution. Smallness is less of a disadvantage to exporting in services than in manufacturing as domestic services firms appear nearly as competitive as exporters in most respects. Improving a few critical business practices may help them break into export markets.
A regulatory landscape inclusive of small businesses
Regulations should maintain a level playing field in markets so that small businesses can provide and access affordable quality connected services. On the one hand enabling regulations can support healthy growth in connected services. On the other if regulations are too restrictive complex or poorly applied they stymie development of connected services sectors to the detriment of small firm users and providers.
Foreword
Rarely has the importance of maritime logistics for trade and development been more evident than during the last year. Historically high and volatile freight rates congestion closed ports and new demands for shipping following COVID-19 and the war in Ukraine have all had measurable impacts on people’s lives. With ships carrying over 80% of volume of global trade higher shipping costs and lower maritime connectivity lead to higher inflation shortages of food and interruptions of supply chains – all of which are among the features of the current global crisis.
Freight rates and transport costs
This chapter covers 2021 and the first half of 2022 tracking freight rates and changes in demand and supply across key shipping markets. It considers the immediate outlook for freight markets and examines the impact on food prices of recent development in the bulk dry market.