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- Volume 41, Issue 98, 2014
Notas de Población - Volume 41, Issue 98, 2014
Volume 41, Issue 98, 2014
La revista Notas de Población es una publicación del Centro Latinoamericano y
Caribeño de Demografía (CELADE)-División de Población de la CEPAL, cuyo propósito principal es la
difusión de investigaciones y estudios de población sobre América Latina y el Caribe, aun cuando
recibe con particular interés artículos de especialistas de fuera de la región y, en algunos casos,
contribuciones que se refieren a otras regiones del mundo. Se publica dos veces al año, con una
orientación interdisciplinaria, por lo que acoge tanto artículos sobre demografía propiamente tal
como otros que aborden las relaciones entre las tendencias demográficas y los fenómenos económicos,
sociales y biológicos. Las opiniones expresadas en esta revista son responsabilidad de los autores y
pueden no coincidir con las del Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño de Demografía (CELADE)-División de
Población de la CEPAL.
Language:
Spanish
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Presentación
Author: United NationsLa edición número 98 de la revista Notas de Población reúne seis artículos enmarcados en la investigación sociodemográfica de América Latina y el Caribe. Si bien hay una diversidad de temáticas presentes en este número, los artículos versan principalmente sobre el ciclo de vida, la migración internacional y el ámbito rural. Los enfoques y metodologías que se exponen en estos estudios están orientados a poner de relieve las transformaciones que se producen en la población, sus espacios y ambientes, las familias y generaciones.
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El papel de la paternidad en la transición a la adultez en los varones jóvenes uruguayos
Author: United NationsFew studies have been conducted on male fertility, either in Uruguay or elsewhere in Latin America, primarily because little information is available on the sociodemographic characteristics of men at the time their children are born. National youth surveys conducted in Uruguay in 1990 and 2008 do, however, provide information on the characteristics of young men at the time their first child is born, and therefore offer an opportunity to research this subject. This study aims to make a preliminary contribution to this area of research in Uruguay, by defining the reproductive behaviour of young Uruguayan men in early youth.
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Las personas mayores en el Uruguay: el perfil sociodemográfico y los desafíos para las políticas públicas
Author: United NationsThe purpose of this article is to study population ageing and the sociodemographic profile of older persons in Uruguay in the period 1975-2011, using as data sources the censuses conducted in Uruguay in 1975, 1985, 1996 and 2011. First, population ageing during this period has been analysed and second, the evolution of the sociodemographic profile of older persons was constructed on the basis of variables such as rural setting, level of education, economic activity, social security coverage, residential arrangements and housing conditions. This has provided a description of the evolution of the quality of life of older persons over the past four decades in one of the countries of Latin America where population ageing is most advanced. Lastly, attention is drawn to certain constraints relating to the data sources and the challenges to be addressed by public policymakers from a rights-based approach.
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El déficit del ciclo de vida en el Perú. una estimación basada en el sistema de cuentas nacionales de transferencias
Author: United NationsThis study aims to estimate the life cycle in Peru usiAng data from 2007, as part of the project on national transfer accounts. National transfer accounts are a useful tool for monitoring the scope of the demographic dividend through construction of the economic dependency ratio, and they also constitute an additional criterion for establishing the level of importance of the State’s decisions to invest in human capital in the medium term. In that regard, an exercise is included that compares, at the regional level, the results corresponding to the economic dependency ratio with those relating to the traditional indicator of the dependency ratio.
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Medidas de emigración internacional basadas en la información proporcionada por personas que convivieron con los emigrantes: la experiencia brasileña con el censo demográfico de 2010
Author: United NationsFor the first time in its history, Brazil experienced in the last few decades of the twentieth century a net population loss through emigration to the rest of the world. Although several studies have been devoted to the analysis of international migration into the country, estimating the number of Brazilians who live abroad and assessing their characteristics remain a significant challenge. In order to compile information on these emigrants, the 2010 Demographic Census included for the first time a block of questions designed to inquire into international emigration. This study seeks to analyse the information requested in these questions, showing their methodological specificities and assessing the findings. While the exact number of Brazilians who are resident abroad is still not known, the data obtained provide unprecedented information on international emigration from Brazil, both in terms of the characteristics of the emigrants and the households in which they used to live, and offer a new perspective for the study of contemporary international migratory movements.
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Trabajo agropecuario y no agropecuario de las mujeres rurales en México, 2000-2010
Author: United NationsThe rural population of Mexico has changed in various ways over the past few decades, one of which is their increasing participation in non-agricultural activities. There is hence interest in demonstrating the changes to rural women’s employment in Mexico during the period 2000-2010. This study draws on data from the National Employment Survey (ENE) and the National Survey on Employment and Occupation (ENOE), and distinguishes between labour market participants from towns with under 2,500 inhabitants and those with 2,500 inhabitants or more. The data are then used to explore a number of points of interest. The first goal is to confirm the supposition that non-agricultural employment has become more important in rural towns in Mexico over the past few years. Taking into account the stance of various authors, the study also seeks to determine whether activities carried out by men and women in rural locations are similar to those conducted in urban areas, or whether rural areas maintain their distinctive nature. The second goal is to demonstrate whether, if the trend towards greater participation in non-agricultural activities continues, rural women will be relatively highly represented. Lastly, given that women’s work presents distinctive features, a multinomial logistic model is used to analyse the influence of individual and family factors on the type of work performed by rural women.
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Una aproximación a la naturaleza social de la población rural santiagueña: el caso de Salavina
Author: United NationsThis article is part of the classic debate of the early twentieth century between “campesinistas” (agrarian populists) and “descampesinistas” (their opponents). It seeks to update the issue using a specific study. To this end, it examines a sample of rural families from the department of Salavina, located in the province of Santiago del Estero (Argentina). This is one of the departments where many of the peasant farms in the province were located. The analysis is based on the assumption that the notion of peasantry is too vague and imprecise and does not give a clear idea of the society to which this group of rural families belonged. On the other hand, the concepts of historical materialism- in which landed workers, semiproletarians and rural petty bourgeoisie had a part to play- provide a better idea of the social fabric of the families that are the subject of this study. This analysis is based on data taken from the Formulario de Caracterización Familiar (Family Characterization Form (FCF) of the Small Farmer Development Project (PORINDER), relating to the year 2009.
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