Sustainability and development in the municipalities of the State of Paraná: Mapping and analysis using the sustainable city development index of Brazil (IDSC-BR)

In consideration of the importance that the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development have acquired in the economic, social and environmental spheres, this article uses the sustainable city development index of Brazil (IDSC-BR) methodology to map SDG attainment in the 399 municipalities of Paraná. The main findings reveal that the municipalities with the lowest SDG fulfilment scores are concentrated in the central region of Paraná. Analysing the results by the individual Goals, the State performed best with Goal 11, sustainable cities and communities (89.52%), Goal 7, affordable and clean energy (85.11%), and Goal 12, responsible production and consumption (75.64%). At the same time, the Goals where compliance faces the greatest challenges are Goal 15, life on land (16.83%), Goal 14, life below water (26.02%), and Goal 17, partnerships for the goals (33.25%).