Conclusions and summary for policy makers

Oil and gas supplies will continue to play a key role in a future sustainable energy system to support economic growth and social progress, even under a scenario in which stringent climate policies and measures are implemented. In the end, the world’s energy supply mix will be determined by the implemented policies and measures and by market competition wherein the costs and sustainability attributes of energy alternatives are the decisive factors. The enduring role of oil and gas requires an increased attention to methane emissions from the entire oil and gas value chain, from exploration and extraction to end use.

Sustainable Development Goals:

Affordable and Clean Energy

Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Climate Action